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SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalization, severity, criticality, and fatality rates in Qatar
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Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Scientific Reports
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Shaheen Seedat , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Monia Makhoul , Ghina R. Mumtaz , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-RaddadShaheen Seedat , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Monia Makhoul , Ghina R. Mumtaz , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
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AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality as well as severe economic and societal disruptions. Despite scientific progress, true infection severity, factoring both diagnosed and undiagnosed infections,\n remains poorly understood. This study aimed to estimate SARS-CoV-2 age-stratified and overall morbidity and mortality rates based on analysis of extensive epidemiological data for the pervasive epidemic in Qatar, a country where < 9% of the population are ≥ 50 years. We show that SARS-CoV-2 severity and fatality demonstrate a striking age dependence with low values for those aged < 50 years, but rapidly growing rates for those ≥ 50 years. Age dependence was particularly pronounced for infection criticality rate and infection fatality rate. With Qatar’s young population, overall SARS-CoV-2 severity and fatality were not high with < 4 infections in every 1000 being severe or critical and < 2 in every 10,000 being fatal. Only 13 infections in every 1000 received any hospitalization in acute-care-unit beds and < 2 in every 1000 were hospitalized in intensive-care-unit beds. However, we show that these rates would have been much higher if Qatar’s population had the demographic structure of Europe or the United States. Epidemic expansion in nations with young populations may lead to considerably lower disease burden than currently believed.
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-021-97606-8
ISSN: 2045-2322
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 11
2
Analytic comparison between three high-throughput commercial SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays reveals minor discrepancies in a high-incidence population
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Scientific Reports
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Soha R. Dargham , Farah Shurrab , Duaa W. Al-Sadeq , Hadeel Al-Jighefee , Hiam Chemaitelly , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamda Qotba , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Patrick Tang , Roberto Bertollini , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Asmaa A. Althani , Laith J. Abu-RaddadGheyath K. Nasrallah , Soha R. Dargham , Farah Shurrab , Duaa W. Al-Sadeq , Hadeel Al-Jighefee , Hiam Chemaitelly , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamda Qotba , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Patrick Tang , Roberto Bertollini , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Asmaa A. Althani , Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
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AbstractPerformance of three automated commercial serological IgG-based assays was investigated for assessing SARS-CoV-2 “ever” (past or current) infection in a population-based sample in a high exposure setting. PCR and serological testing was performed on 394 individuals. SARS-CoV-2-IgG seroprevalence was 42.9% (95% CI 38.1–47.8%), 40.6% (95% CI 35.9–45.5%), and 42.4% (95% CI 37.6–47.3%) using the CL-900i, VidasIII, and Elecsys assays, respectively. Between the three assays, overall, positive, and negative percent agreements ranged between 93.2–95.7%, 89.3–92.8%, and 93.8–97.8%, respectively; Cohen’s kappa statistic ranged from 0.86 to 0.91; and 35 specimens (8.9%) showed discordant results. Among all individuals, 12.5% (95% CI 9.6–16.1%) had current infection, as assessed by PCR. Of these, only 34.7% (95% CI 22.9–48.7%) were seropositive by at least one assay. A total of 216 individuals (54.8%; 95% CI 49.9–59.7%) had evidence of ever infection using antibody testing and/or PCR during or prior to this study. Of these, only 78.2%, 74.1%, and 77.3% were seropositive in the CL-900i, VidasIII, and Elecsys assays, respectively. All three assays had comparable performance and excellent agreement, but missed at least 20% of individuals with past or current infection. Commercial antibody assays can substantially underestimate ever infection, more so when infection rates are high.
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-021-91235-x
ISSN: 2045-2322
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 11
3
Characterizing the Qatar advanced-phase SARS-CoV-2 epidemic
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Scientific Reports
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Laith J. Abu-Raddad , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Robert C. Owen , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Samya A. Al Abdulla , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Mujeeb C. Kandy , Hatoun Saeb , Shazia Nadeem N. Ahmed , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Devendra Bansal , Louise Dalton , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto BertolliniLaith J. Abu-Raddad , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Robert C. Owen , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Samya A. Al Abdulla , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Mujeeb C. Kandy , Hatoun Saeb , Shazia Nadeem N. Ahmed , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Devendra Bansal , Louise Dalton , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini
Yıl :
2021
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AbstractThe overarching objective of this study was to provide the descriptive epidemiology of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Qatar by addressing specific research questions through a series of national epidemiologic studies. Sources of data were the centralized and standardized national databases for SARS-CoV-2 infection. By July 10, 2020, 397,577 individuals had been tested for SARS-CoV-2 using polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR), of whom 110,986 were positive, a positivity cumulative rate of 27.9% (95% CI 27.8–28.1%). As of July 5, case severity rate, based on World Health Organization (WHO) severity classification, was 3.4% and case fatality rate was 1.4 per 1,000 persons. Age was by far the strongest predictor of severe, critical, or fatal infection. PCR positivity of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs in a national community survey (May 6–7) including 1,307 participants was 14.9% (95% CI 11.5–19.0%); 58.5% of those testing positive were asymptomatic. Across 448 ad-hoc testing campaigns in workplaces and residential areas including 26,715 individuals, pooled mean PCR positivity was 15.6% (95% CI 13.7–17.7%). SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence was 24.0% (95% CI 23.3–24.6%) in 32,970 residual clinical blood specimens. Antibody prevalence was only 47.3% (95% CI 46.2–48.5%) in those who had at least one PCR positive result, but 91.3% (95% CI 89.5–92.9%) among those who were PCR positive > 3 weeks before serology testing. Qatar has experienced a large SARS-CoV-2 epidemic that is rapidly declining, apparently due to growing immunity levels in the population.
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-021-85428-7
ISSN: 2045-2322
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 11
4
Relative infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections, reinfections, and primary infections
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Nature Communications
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Laith J. Abu-Raddad , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Patrick Tang , Peter Coyle , Mohammad R. Hasan , Hadi M. Yassine , Fatiha M. Benslimane , Hebah A. Al-Khatib , Zaina Al-Kanaani , Einas Al-Kuwari , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul-Rahim , Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Mohamed Ghaith Al-Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Hamad Eid Al-Romaihi , Abdullatif Al-Khal , Mohametabd H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini
Yıl :
2022
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AbstractSARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals and in those who had a prior infection have been observed globally, but the transmission potential of these infections is unknown. The RT-qPCR cycle threshold (Ct) value is inversely correlated with viral load and culturable virus. Here, we investigate differences in RT-qPCR Ct values across Qatar’s national cohorts of primary infections, reinfections, BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) breakthrough infections, and mRNA-1273 (Moderna) breakthrough infections. Our matched-cohort analyses of the randomly diagnosed infections show higher mean Ct value in all cohorts of breakthrough infections compared to the cohort of primary infections in unvaccinated individuals. The Ct value is 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9–1.8) cycles higher for BNT162b2 breakthrough infections, 3.2 (95% CI: 1.9–4.5) cycles higher for mRNA-1273 breakthrough infections, and 4.0 (95% CI: 3.5–4.5) cycles higher for reinfections in unvaccinated individuals. Since Ct value correlates inversely with SARS-CoV-2 infectiousness, these differences imply that vaccine breakthrough infections and reinfections are less infectious than primary infections in unvaccinated individuals. Public health benefits of vaccination may have been underestimated, as COVID-19 vaccines not only protect against acquisition of infection, but also appear to protect against transmission of infection.
DOI : 10.1038/s41467-022-28199-7
ISSN: 2041-1723
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 13
5
mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants and severe COVID-19 disease in Qatar
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Nature Medicine
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Hiam Chemaitelly , Hadi M. Yassine , Fatiha M. Benslimane , Hebah A. Al Khatib , Patrick Tang , Mohammad R. Hasan , Joel A. Malek , Peter Coyle , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Einas Al Kuwari , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Mohamed Ghaith Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Adeel A. Butt , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-RaddadHiam Chemaitelly , Hadi M. Yassine , Fatiha M. Benslimane , Hebah A. Al Khatib , Patrick Tang , Mohammad R. Hasan , Joel A. Malek , Peter Coyle , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Einas Al Kuwari , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Mohamed Ghaith Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Adeel A. Butt , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
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DOI : 10.1038/s41591-021-01446-y
ISSN: 1078-8956
Sayı: 9
Cilt: 27
Sayfa: 1614-1621
6
BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in Qatar
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Nature Medicine
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Patrick Tang , Mohammad R. Hasan , Hiam Chemaitelly , Hadi M. Yassine , Fatiha M. Benslimane , Hebah A. Al Khatib , Sawsan AlMukdad , Peter Coyle , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Einas Al Kuwari , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Mohamed Ghaith Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Adeel A. Butt , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
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DOI : 10.1038/s41591-021-01583-4
ISSN: 1078-8956
Sayı: 12
Cilt: 27
Sayfa: 2136-2143
7
Two prolonged viremic SARS-CoV-2 infections with conserved viral genome for two months
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Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Yayıncı:
Elsevier BV
Yazar(lar) :
Laith J. Abu-Raddad , Hiam Chemaitelly , Joel A. Malek , Ayeda A. Ahmed , Yasmin A. Mohamoud , Shameem Younuskunju , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini
Yıl :
2021
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We document two cases of viremic and prolonged active infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) where the viral genome was conserved for two months, but infection was with little or no symptoms. The first infection persisted for 80 days and the second for 62 days. Clearance of infection occurred 40 and 41 days, respectively, after development of detectable antibodies. Both cases were identified incidentally in an investigation of reinfection in a cohort of 133,266 laboratory-confirmed infected persons.
DOI : 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104684
Anahtar Kelimeler : SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Epidemiology, Infection, Genome, Infectious period
ISSN: 1567-1348
Cilt: 88
Sayfa: 104684
8
Epidemiological impact of prioritising SARS-CoV-2 vaccination by antibody status: mathematical modelling analyses
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Kaynak :
The BMJ
Dergi:
BMJ Innovations
Yazar(lar) :
Houssein H Ayoub , Hiam Chemaitelly , Monia Makhoul , Zaina Al Kanaani , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F Abdul Rahim , Gheyath K Nasrallah , Hadi M Yassine , Mohamed G Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini , Abdullatif Al Khal , Laith J Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
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BackgroundVaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been developed, but their availability falls far short of global needs. This study aimed to investigate the impact of prioritising available doses on the basis of recipient antibody status, that is by exposure status, using Qatar as an example.MethodsVaccination impact (defined as the reduction in infection incidence and the number of vaccinations needed to avert one infection or one adverse disease outcome) was assessed under different scale-up scenarios using a deterministic meta-population mathematical model describing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and disease progression in the presence of vaccination.ResultsFor a vaccine that protects against infection with an efficacy of 95%, half as many vaccinations were needed to avert one infection, disease outcome or death by prioritising antibody-negative individuals for vaccination. Prioritisation by antibody status reduced incidence at a faster rate and led to faster elimination of infection and return to normalcy. Further prioritisation by age group amplified the gains of prioritisation by antibody status. Gains from prioritisation by antibody status were largest in settings where the proportion of the population already infected at the commencement of vaccination was 30%–60%. For a vaccine that only protects against disease and not infection, vaccine impact was reduced by half, whether this impact was measured in terms of averted infections or disease outcomes, but the relative gains from using antibody status to prioritise vaccination recipients were similar.ConclusionsMajor health and economic gains can be achieved more quickly by prioritizing those who are antibody-negative while doses of the vaccine remain in short supply.
DOI : 10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000677
ISSN: 2055-8074
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 7
Sayfa: 327-336

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