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Biosafety and Biosecurity in European Containment Level 3 Laboratories: Focus on French Recent Progress and Essential Requirements
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Frontiers in Public Health
Yazar(lar) :
Boris Pastorino , Boris Pastorino , Xavier de Lamballerie , Xavier de Lamballerie , Rémi Charrel , Rémi Charrel
Yıl :
2017
Boris Pastorino Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
 Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
Even if European Union (EU) Member States are obliged to implement EU Directives 2000/54/EC on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work, national biosafety regulations and practices varied from country to country. In fact, EU legislation on biological agents and genetically modified microorganisms is often not specific enough to ensure harmonization leading to difficulties in implementation for most laboratories. In the same way, biosecurity is a relatively new concept and a few EU Member States are known to have introduced national laboratory biosecurity legislation. In France, recent regulations have reinforced biosafety/biosecurity in containment level 3 (CL-3) laboratories but they concern a specific list of pathogens with no correlation in other European Members States. The objective of this review was to summarize European biosafety/biosecurity measures concerning CL-3 facilities focusing on French specificities. Essential requirements needed to preserve efficient biosafety measures when manipulating risk group 3 biological agents are highlighted. In addition, International, European and French standards related to containment laboratory planning, operation or biosafety equipment are described to clarify optimal biosafety and biosecurity requirements.
DOI : 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00121
Anahtar Kelimeler : biosafety, BSL-3, European union, regulations, infectious disease transmission, vertical
ISSN: 2296-2565
Cilt: 5
Sınıflandırma :
2
Effect of Chemical Stabilizers on the Thermostability and Infectivity of a Representative Panel of Freeze Dried Viruses
Araştırma Makalesi

Araştırma Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak 1:
PLOS - Public Library of Science
Kaynak 2:
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Public Library of Science
Yazar(lar) :
Xavier de Lamballerie , Remi N. Charrel , Ernest A. Gould , Cecile Baronti , Boris Pastorino
Yıl :
2015
Boris Pastorino
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
As a partner of the European Virus Archive (EVA) FP7 project, our laboratory maintains a large collection of freeze-dried viruses. The distribution of these viruses to academic researchers, public health organizations and industry is one major aim of the EVA consortium. It is known that lyophilization requires appropriate stabilizers to prevent inactivation of the virus. However, few studies have investigated the influence of different stabilizers and lyophilization protocols on the thermostability of different viruses. In order to identify optimal lyophilization conditions that will deliver maximum retention of viral infectivity titre, different stabilizer formulations containing trehalose, sorbitol, sucrose or foetal bovine serum were evaluated for their efficacy in stabilizing a representative panel of freeze dried viruses at different storage temperatures (-20°C, +4°C and +20°C) for one week, the two latter mimicking suboptimal shipping conditions. The Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50% (TCID50) assay was used to compare the titres of infectious virus. The results obtained using four relevant and model viruses (enveloped/non enveloped RNA/DNA viruses) still serve to improve the freeze drying conditions needed for the development and the distribution of a large virus collection.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0118963
Anahtar Kelimeler : Lyophilization, Specimen storage, Chikungunya virus, Viral diseases, Chikungunya infection, Sucrose, Adenoviruses, Trehalose
Sınıflandırma :
3
Heat Inactivation of Different Types of SARS-CoV-2 Samples: What Protocols for Biosafety, Molecular Detection and Serological Diagnostics?
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak 1:
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Kaynak 2:
MDPI
Dergi:
Viruses
Yazar(lar) :
Boris Pastorino , Franck Touret , Magali Gilles , Xavier de Lamballerie , Remi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2020
Boris Pastorino
Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
Standard precautions to minimize the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission implies that infected cell cultures and clinical specimens may undergo some sort of inactivation to reduce or abolish infectivity. We evaluated three heat inactivation protocols (56 °C-30 min, 60 °C-60 min and 92 °C-15 min) on SARS-CoV-2 using (i) infected cell culture supernatant, (ii) virus-spiked human sera (iii) and nasopharyngeal samples according to the recommendations of the European norm NF EN 14476-A2. Regardless of the protocol and the type of samples, a 4 Log10 TCID50 reduction was observed. However, samples containing viral loads > 6 Log10 TCID50 were still infectious after 56 °C-30 min and 60 °C-60 min, although infectivity was < 10 TCID50. The protocols 56 °C-30 min and 60 °C-60 min had little influence on the RNA copies detection, whereas 92 °C-15 min drastically reduced the limit of detection, which suggests that this protocol should be avoided for inactivation ahead of molecular diagnostics. Lastly, 56 °C-30 min treatment of serum specimens had a negligible influence on the results of IgG detection using a commercial ELISA test, whereas a drastic decrease in neutralizing titers was observed.
DOI : 10.3390/v12070735
Anahtar Kelimeler : SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, heat inactivation, COVID-19, serology, ELISA
ISSN: 1999-4915
Cilt: 12
Sayı: 735
Sayfa: 735
4
Prolonged Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in Fomites
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Boris Pastorino , Franck Touret , Magali Gilles , Xavier de Lamballerie , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2020
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
 Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
We spotted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on polystyrene plastic, aluminum, and glass for 96 hours with and without bovine serum albumin (3 g/L). We observed a steady infectivity (<1 log10 drop) on plastic, a 3.5 log10 decrease on glass, and a 6 log10 drop on aluminum. The presence of proteins noticeably prolonged infectivity.
DOI : 10.3201/eid2609.201788
Anahtar Kelimeler : COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, 2019 coronavirus disease, zoonoses
Cilt: 26
Sayı: 9
Sayfa: 2256 - 2257
5
Role of host cell factors in flavivirus infection: Implications for pathogenesis and development of antiviral drugs
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Antiviral Research
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Boris Pastorino , Antoine Nougairède , Nathalie Wurtz , Ernest Gould , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2010
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
The genus Flavivirus contains approximately 70 arthropod-borne enveloped RNA viruses many of which cause severe human and in some cases, animal disease. They include dengue virus, yellow fever virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and tick-borne encephalitis virus. Hundreds of thousands of deaths due to flavivirus infections occur each year, many of which are unpreventable due to lack of availability of appropriate vaccines and/or antiviral drugs. Flaviviruses exploit the cytoplasmic cellular machinery to facilitate propagation of infectious progeny virions. They engage in dynamic and antagonistic interactions with host cell membranes and biochemical processes. Following infection, the cells initiate various antiviral strategies to counteract viral invasion. In its defense, the virus has alternative strategies to suppress these host responses to infection. The fine balance between these interactions determines the outcome of the viral infection and disease progression. Published studies have revealed specific effects of flaviviruses on cellular processes, but the underlying mechanisms that determine the specific cytopathogenetic changes induced by different flaviviruses have not, as yet, been elucidated. Independently of the suppression of the type I IFN response which has been described in detail elsewhere, this review focuses on recent discoveries relating to alterations of host metabolism following viral infection. Such studies may contribute to new approaches to antiviral drug development. The role of host cellular factors will be examined in the context of protection and/or pathogenesis resulting from flavivirus infection, with particular emphasis on West Nile virus and dengue virus.
DOI : 10.1016/j.antiviral.2010.04.014
Anahtar Kelimeler : Flavivirus infection, Host cell factors, Antiviral therapy
ISSN: 0166-3542
Sayı: 3
Cilt: 87
Sayfa: 281-294
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %92
6
Expression and biochemical characterization of the Plasmodium falciparum protein kinase A catalytic subunit
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Link
Dergi:
Parasitology Research
Yazar(lar) :
Nathalie Wurtz , Boris Pastorino , Lionel Almeras , Sébastien Briolant , Claude Villard , Daniel Parzy
Konu :
Infectious Diseases, Insect Science, General Veterinary, General Medicine, Parasitology
Yıl :
2009
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Dissemination of drug-resistant malaria parasites represents one of the most important public health problems; therefore, the development of new antimalarial compounds is required. Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase is implicated in numerous cellular processes and an essential role for this enzyme has also been reported in the intraerythrocytic growth of the malaria parasite. The cAMP-dependent protein kinase from Plasmodium falciparum (PfPKA) plays an important role in the parasite life cycle and represents an attractive target for the development of antimalarial drugs. In this work, a recombinant PfPKA catalytic subunit (PfPKAc) was over-expressed in Escherichia coli and successfully purified using a two-step chromatographic process. The enzymatic properties of the recombinant PfPKAc were then determined using a sensitive fluorogenic assay suitable for biochemical characterization and inhibitor screening. This work provides new insights on the study of PfPKAc that will contribute to future investigations of the parasite cAMP signaling pathway and to high-throughput screening of specific malarial PKA inhibitors.
DOI : 10.1007/s00436-008-1327-3
Anahtar Kelimeler : KT5720, Parasite Life Cycle, Inhibitor Screening, Plasmodium Yoelii, Parasite Enzyme
ISSN: 0932-0113 1432-1955
Sayı: 6
Cilt: 104
Sayfa: 1299-1305
7
Evaluation of Chemical Protocols for Inactivating SARS-CoV-2 Infectious Samples
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak 1:
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Kaynak 2:
MDPI
Dergi:
Viruses
Yazar(lar) :
Boris Pastorino , Franck Touret , Magali Gilles , Lea Luciani , Xavier de Lamballerie , Remi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2020
Boris Pastorino
Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
Clinical samples collected in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), patients are commonly manipulated in biosafety level 2 laboratories for molecular diagnostic purposes. Here, we tested French norm NF-EN-14476+A2 derived from European standard EN-14885 to assess the risk of manipulating infectious viruses prior to RNA extraction. SARS-CoV-2 cell-culture supernatant and nasopharyngeal samples (virus-spiked samples and clinical samples collected in COVID-19 patients) were used to measure the reduction of infectivity after 10 minute contact with lysis buffer containing various detergents and chaotropic agents. A total of thirteen protocols were evaluated. Two commercially available formulations showed the ability to reduce infectivity by at least 6 log 10, whereas others proved less effective.
DOI : 10.3390/v12060624
Anahtar Kelimeler : SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus, extraction buffer, COVID-19, inactivation, lysis buffer
ISSN: 1999-4915
Cilt: 12
Sayı: 624
Sayfa: 624
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %99
8
Lower prevalence of antibodies neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 in group O French blood donors
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Antiviral Research
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Pierre Gallian , Boris Pastorino , Pascal Morel , Jacques Chiaroni , Laetitia Ninove , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2020
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
We investigated the distribution of antibodies neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 according to age, sex or blood group in French blood donors. In 464 samples collected before the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 (2017 and 2018), our virus neutralization assay had a 100% specificity. It was used to test 998 samples collected from blood donors during the last week of March or the first week of April 2020. As expected at this stage of the outbreak, the prevalence was low (2.7%) and, importantly, criteria for blood donation imply that the vast majority of seropositives had asymptomatic or pauci-symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. Seroprevalence values did not differ significantly among age groups (but were slightly higher in donors <30yo and ≥60yo), and between males and females (2.82% vs 2.69%), unlike what has been observed regarding hospitalizations admission to ICU and death rates in France. By contrast, we observed that the proportion of seropositives was significantly lower in group O donors (1.32% vs 3.86% in other donors, p = 0.014). We conclude that virus infection seems to occur with a similar incidence in men and women among French blood donors, but that blood group O persons are less at risk of being infected and not only of suffering from severe clinical presentations, as previously suggested.
DOI : 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104880
Anahtar Kelimeler : SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Seroneutralisation, Blood donors, Blood groups
ISSN: 0166-3542
Cilt: 181
Sayfa: 104880
Sınıflandırma :
9
In vitro antiviral activity of arbidol against Chikungunya virus and characteristics of a selected resistant mutant
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Antiviral Research
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Ilenia Delogu , Boris Pastorino , Cécile Baronti , Antoine Nougairède , Emilie Bonnet , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2011
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Arbidol (ARB) is an antiviral drug originally licensed in Russia for use against influenza and other respiratory viral infections. Although a broad-spectrum antiviral activity has been reported for this drug, there is until now no data regarding its effects against alphavirus infection. Here, the in vitro antiviral effect of ARB on Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) replication was investigated and this compound was found to present potent inhibitory activity against the virus propagated onto immortalized Vero cells or primary human fibroblasts (MRC-5 lung cells) (IC50 < 10 μg/ml). A CHIKV resistant mutant was then selected and adapted to growth in the presence of 30 μg/ml ARB in MRC5 cells; its complete sequence analysis revealed a single amino acid substitution (G407R) localized in the E2 envelope protein. To confirm the G407R role in the molecular mechanism of ARB resistance, a CHIKV infectious clone harboring the same substitution was engineered, tested, and was found to display a similar level of resistance. Finally, our results demonstrated the effective in vitro antiviral activity of ARB against CHIKV and gave some tracks to understand the molecular basis of ARB activity.
DOI : 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.03.182
Anahtar Kelimeler : Chikungunya virus, Arbidol, Antiviral, Alphavirus, Arbidol resistance, Mutant
ISSN: 0166-3542
Sayı: 3
Cilt: 90
Sayfa: 99-107
Sınıflandırma :
10
Evidence for in vitro falsely-primed cDNAs that prevent specific detection of virus negative strand RNAs in dengue-infected cells: improvement by tagged RT-PCR
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Journal of Virological Methods
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Christophe N Peyrefitte , Boris Pastorino , Maël Bessaud , Hugues J Tolou , Patricia Couissinier-Paris
Yıl :
2003
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
The identification of cell types replicating dengue viruses is an important step towards the understanding of the pathophysiology of dengue severe forms. Since the detection of negative strand viral RNAs is the more reliable marker of active replication for single-strand positive sense RNA viruses, we reassessed the specificity of RT-PCR assays already developed to detect dengue negative strand RNAs. Studying mammalian Vero cells infected by a dengue-2 strain, it was shown that falsely-primed cDNAs are generated in vitro during the reverse transcription step and are amplified subsequently by PCR. Since this may compromise the specificity of existing RT-PCR systems, we developed a tagged RT-PCR assay and addressed the role of some critical factors in such a system. Optimization of the negative strand-specific tagged RT-PCR allowed to resolve the problems due to the PCR amplification of falsely-primed cDNAs. Using this assay it was possible to detect specifically negative strand RNAs as soon as 3 h after Vero cells have been exposed to the dengue-2 strain and we showed that this system is highly specific. Thus, the present dengue negative strand-specific tagged RT-PCR assay may help to reassess viral replication in the context of dengue pathophysiology.
DOI : 10.1016/s0166-0934(03)00218-0
Anahtar Kelimeler : Flavivirus, Dengue, Replication, Negative strand RNAs, Tagged RT-PCR
ISSN: 0166-0934
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 113
Sayfa: 19-28
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %100
11
Development of a TaqMan® RT-PCR assay without RNA extraction step for the detection and quantification of African Chikungunya viruses
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Journal of Virological Methods
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Boris Pastorino , Maël Bessaud , Marc Grandadam , Severine Murri , Hugues J. Tolou , Christophe N. Peyrefitte
Yıl :
2005
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a member of the alphavirus genus, is of considerable public health concern in Southeast Asian and African countries. However, despite serological evidence, the diagnosis of this arthropod-borne human disease is confirmed infrequently and needs to be improved. In fact, illness caused by CHIKV can be confused with diseases such as dengue or yellow fever, based on the similarity of the symptoms, and laboratory confirmation of suspected cases is required to launch control measures during an epidemic. Moreover, no quantitative molecular tool is described to study CHIKV replication or detection in clinical samples and cell culture supernatants. In this study, a specific and sensitive CHIKV one-step TaqMan® RT-PCR assay was developed as a tool for the diagnosis of African CHIKV as well as a rapid indicator of active infection by quantifying viral load. This study also showed that a simple heat viral RNA release during the reverse transcription step constituted an alternative to the conventional RNA extraction method.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jviromet.2004.11.002
Anahtar Kelimeler : Alphavirus, Chikungunya virus, Heat-release, Direct one-step TaqMan® RT-PCR
ISSN: 0166-0934
Sayı: 1-2
Cilt: 124
Sayfa: 65-71
Sınıflandırma :
12
Thiazolidone derivatives as inhibitors of chikungunya virus
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Surender Singh Jadav , Barij Nayan Sinha , Rolf Hilgenfeld , Boris Pastorino , Xavier de Lamballerie , Venkatesan Jayaprakash
Yıl :
2015
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
A series of arylalkylidene derivatives of 1,3-thiazolidin-4-one (1–20) were synthesized and tested for their antiviral activity against chikungunya virus (LR2006_OPY1) in Vero cell culture by CPE reduction assay. Five compounds (7–9, 16 and 19) were identified to have anti-ChikV activity at lower micro molar concentration. The compounds 7, 8, 9, 16 and 19 inhibited the virus at 0.42, 4.2, 3.6, 40.1 and 6.8 μM concentrations respectively. Molecular docking simulation has been carried out using the available X-ray crystal structure of the ChikV nsp2 protease, in order to elucidate the possible mechanism of action. Interaction of ligands with ChikV nsp2 protease (PDB Code: 3TRK) suggested the possible mechanism of protease inhibition to act as potent anti-ChikV agents.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.10.042
Anahtar Kelimeler : Thiazolidinone, Antiviral, Chikungunya virus, nsp2 protease, Molecular docking
ISSN: 0223-5234
Cilt: 89
Sayfa: 172-178
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %94
13
Improvement of the purification of Saint Louis encephalitis virus NS2B-NS3 recombinant protease expressed in Escherichia coli
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Journal of Chromatography B
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Boris Pastorino , Dominique Rolland , Christophe N. Peyrefitte , Nathalie Wurtz , Lionel Almeras , Maël Bessaud , Hugues J. Tolou
Yıl :
2008
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
The NS2B-NS3 serine protease of Saint Louis Encephalitis virus (SLEV), a potential target for antiviral drug design, has been over-expressed as a recombinant His-tag protein in Escherichia coli for future structural determination. The production process resulted in a soluble protease with co-purification of DnaK, a bacterial molecular chaperone already described in E. coli protein expression. Two approaches were tested to remove this specific contaminant. The fusion protein bound to the purification resin was washed with MgATP plus soluble denatured E. coli proteins before elution, but this method proved to be poorly efficient due to a substantial loss of the targeted recombinant protease. After the immobilized metal affinity chromatography step, the use of gel permeation chromatography with addition of arginine in the mobile phase led to effective separation of the native viral protease from the DnaK aggregates. By this way, SLEV ΔNS2B-NS3pro protease was purified as a functional protein with a purity greater than 90% suitable for crystallization attempts.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.04.035
Anahtar Kelimeler : Arginine, Flavivirus, Flavivirin, NS2B-NS3 protease, DnaK contamination, Gel permeation chromatography
ISSN: 1570-0232
Sayı: 1-2
Cilt: 868
Sayfa: 58-63
Sınıflandırma :
14
Dengue virus infection of human microvascular endothelial cells from different vascular beds promotes both common and specific functional changes
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Wiley Online Library
Dergi:
Journal of Medical Virology
Yazar(lar) :
Christophe N. Peyrefitte , Boris Pastorino , Georges E. Grau , J. Lou , Hugues Tolou , Patricia Couissinier-Paris
Konu :
Virology, Infectious Diseases
Yıl :
2005
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Dengue shock syndrome (DSS), the major life threatening outcome of severe dengue disease, which occurs in some patients in the course of dengue infection, is the consequence of plasma leakage in the microvascular territories. Data from clinical and in vitro studies suggest that an inadequate immunological response is partly responsible for the pathophysiology of DSS, but few is known concerning the consequences of direct infection of endothelial cells by dengue virus per se. In this study, an attempt was made to study the response of two microvascular human cell lines originating, respectively, from liver and dermis to infection by a dengue type 2 virus, by analyzing the virus‐induced modulation of functional markers. It is shown that the two microvascular cell lines exhibit both common and specific behaviors upon infection. In particular, LSEC and HMEC‐1 replicate efficiently the low‐passage virus and respond to infection by over‐producing inflammatory mediators involved in the cross talk with circulating immune cells. However, direct infection modulates differently the cell surface expression of molecules critically involved in the interactions between endothelial and inflammatory cells. ICAM‐1 and HLA‐I are up regulated as a consequence of infection in LSEC whereas direct infection results in downregulation of ICAM‐1 in HMEC‐1. The present results show that infection of human microvascular cells by unadapted dengue virus results in both common and specific activation patterns depending likely on the tissue origin of the cells, thus suggesting that endothelia from different territories may contribute differently to the pathophysiological events in the course of dengue infection. J. Med. Virol. 78:229–242, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
DOI : 10.1002/jmv.20532
ISSN: 0146-6615
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 78
Sayfa: 229-242
15
Targeting the Flavivirus Helicase
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Antiviral Research
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Eloise Mastrangelo , Margherita Pezzullo , Martino Bolognesi , Suzanne Keptein , Johan Neyts , Boris Pastorino , Xavier de Lambellerie , Mario Milani
Yıl :
2011
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
DOI : 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.03.155
ISSN: 0166-3542
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 90
Sayfa: A72-A73
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %100
16
Zika virus epidemiology in Bolivia: A seroprevalence study in volunteer blood donors
Araştırma Makalesi

Araştırma Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak 1:
PLOS - Public Library of Science
Kaynak 2:
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Public Library of Science
Yazar(lar) :
Xavier de Lamballerie , Laetitia Ninove , Stéphane Priet , Isabelle Leparc-Goffart , Thomas Jaenisch , Pierre Gallian , Jan Felix Drexler , Yelin Roca , Boris Pastorino , Elif Nurtop , Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel
Yıl :
2018
Boris Pastorino
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Background Zika virus (ZIKV), was widely reported in Latin America and has been associated with neuropathologies, as microcephaly, but only few seroprevalence studies have been published to date. Our objective was to determine the seroprevalence amongst Bolivian blood donors and estimate the future potential circulation of the virus. Methodology A ZIKV seroprevalence study was conducted between December 2016 and April 2017 in 814 asymptomatic Bolivian volunteer blood donors residing in various eco-environments corresponding to contrasting entomological activities. It was based on detection of IgG to ZIKV using NS1 ELISA screening, followed by a seroneutralisation test in case of positive or equivocal ELISA result. Conclusions/Significance Analysis revealed that ZIKV circulation occurred in tropical areas (Beni: 39%; Santa Cruz de la Sierra: 21.5%) but not in highlands (~0% in Cochabamba, La Paz, Tarija). It was modulated by Aedes aegypti activity and the virus spread was not limited by previous immunity to dengue. Cases were geo-localised in a wide range of urban areas in Santa Cruz and Trinidad. No differences in seroprevalence related to gender or age-groups could be identified. It is concluded that ZIKV has been intensely circulating in the Beni region and has still a significant potential for propagating in the area of Santa Cruz.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006239
Anahtar Kelimeler : Zika virus, Chikungunya virus, Enzyme-linked immunoassays, Dengue virus, Bolivia, Blood donors, Aedes aegypti, Immunity
Sınıflandırma :
17
New evidence for endemic circulation of Ross River virus in the Pacific Islands and the potential for emergence
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Colleen Lau , Maite Aubry , Didier Musso , Anita Teissier , Sylvie Paulous , Philippe Desprès , Xavier de-Lamballerie , Boris Pastorino , Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau , Philip Weinstein
Yıl :
2017
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
 Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
Objectives: An epidemic of Ross River virus (RRV) occurred in the South Pacific in 1979–1980, but RRV has not been thought to occur endemically outside Australia and Papua New Guinea. A seroprevalence study was conducted to determine whether RRV has circulated in American Samoa since 1980. Methods: RRV ELISA IgG was performed on 200 serum samples collected in American Samoa in 2010; seroneutralization tests were performed on 60 representative samples. Results: Of 196 available ELISA IgG results, 145 (74%, 95% confidence interval 67–80%) were seropositive. Of the 60 samples subjected to seroneutralization testing, none of the 15 ELISA IgG-negative and 16 of the 45 ELISA IgG-positive samples neutralized RRV. ELISA IgG seroprevalence was higher in persons born before/during the 1979–1980 RRV outbreak (78.3%), but was also high (63.0%) in people born after the outbreak who had lived their entire lives in American Samoa. Conclusions: This study provides serological evidence that RRV circulation is likely to have occurred in American Samoa after 1980. Considering there are no marsupials in American Samoa, this finding implies that other species are capable of acting as reservoir hosts and indicates the potential for RRV to circulate in a much wider area than those currently recognized.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.01.041
Anahtar Kelimeler : River virus, Arboviruses, Emerging infectious diseases, Ecology, Pacific Islands, Epidemiology
Cilt: 57
Sayı: C
Sayfa: 73 - 76
Sınıflandırma :
18
Identification and enzymatic characterization of NS2B–NS3 protease of Alkhurma virus, a class-4 flavivirus
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Virus Research
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Maël Bessaud , Gilda Grard , Christophe N. Peyrefitte , Boris Pastorino , Dominique Rolland , Rémi N. Charrel , Xavier de Lamballerie , Hugues J. Tolou
Yıl :
2005
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Alkhurma virus (ALKV) is a recently discovered class-4 flavivirus that was responsible for several cases of severe haemorrhagic fever in humans in Saudi Arabia. It has been shown for other flaviviruses that processing of the viral polyprotein is partly due to the virus-encoded NS2B/NS3 trypsin-like serine protease. As the viral proteinase plays a critical role in the virus replication cycle, it represents one of the main targets for antiviral therapy against members of the Flavivirus genus. We report here on the identification of the ALKV NS2B and NS3 domains and the expression and purification of a catalytically active viral protease as a hexahistidine recombinant protein. Its enzymatic properties were characterized in vitro using a para-nitroanilide substrate. This constitutes the first characterization of the proteinase from a class-4 flavivirus. Our results indicate that the association of NS3 with a short segment of NS2B is necessary and sufficient for protease activity. The developed system could help to identify or design inhibitors potentially active as antiviral drugs against ALKV and other pathogenic flaviviruses.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virusres.2004.06.015
Anahtar Kelimeler : Haemorrhagic fever virus, Class-4 pathogen, Alkhurma virus, Flavivirin, NS3, Serine protease
ISSN: 0168-1702
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 107
Sayfa: 57-62
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %98
19
Structure–activity relationship study of arbidol derivatives as inhibitors of chikungunya virus replication
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Antonia Di Mola , Antonella Peduto , Annalisa La Gatta , Leen Delang , Boris Pastorino , Johan Neyts , Pieter Leyssen , Mario de Rosa , Rosanna Filosa
Yıl :
2014
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne arthrogenic Alphavirus, causes an acute febrile illness in humans, that is, accompanied by severe joint pains. In many cases, the infection leads to persistent arthralgia, which may last for weeks to several years. The re-emergence of this infection in the early 2000s was exemplified by numerous outbreaks in the eastern hemisphere. Since then, the virus is rapidly spreading. Currently, no drugs have been approved or are in development for the treatment of CHIKV, which makes this viral infection particularly interesting for academic medicinal chemistry efforts. Several molecules have already been identified that inhibit CHIKV replication in phenotypic virus-cell-based assays. One of these is arbidol, a molecule that already has been licensed for the treatment of influenza A and B virus infections. For structural optimization, a dedicated libraries of 43 indole-based derivatives were evaluated leading to more potent analogues (IIIe and IIIf) with anti-chikungunya virus (CHIKV) activities higher than those of the other derivatives, including the lead compound, and with a selective index of inhibition 13.2 and 14.6, respectively, higher than that of ARB (4.6).
DOI : 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.09.013
Anahtar Kelimeler : Arbidol, Chikungunya virus, Indoles
ISSN: 0968-0896
Sayı: 21
Cilt: 22
Sayfa: 6014-6025
20
A sero-epidemiological study of arboviral fevers in Djibouti, Horn of Africa.
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Fred Andayi , Remi N Charrel , Alexia Kieffer , Herve Richet , Boris Pastorino , Isabelle Leparc-Goffart , Ammar Abdo Ahmed , Fabrice Carrat , Antoine Flahault , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2014
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Arboviral infections have repeatedly been reported in the republic of Djibouti, consistent with the fact that essential vectors for arboviral diseases are endemic in the region. However, there is a limited recent information regarding arbovirus circulation, and the associated risk predictors to human exposure are largely unknown. We performed, from November 2010 to February 2011 in the Djibouti city general population, a cross-sectional ELISA and sero-neutralisation-based sero-epidemiological analysis nested in a household cohort, which investigated the arboviral infection prevalence and risk factors, stratified by their vectors of transmission. Antibodies to dengue virus (21.8%) were the most frequent. Determinants of infection identified by multivariate analysis pointed to sociological and environmental exposure to the bite of Aedes mosquitoes. The population was broadly naïve against Chikungunya (2.6%) with risk factors mostly shared with dengue. The detection of limited virus circulation was followed by a significant Chikungunya outbreak a few months after our study. Antibodies to West Nile virus were infrequent (0.6%), but the distribution of cases faithfully followed previous mapping of infected Culex mosquitoes. The seroprevalence of Rift valley fever virus was 2.2%, and non-arboviral transmission was suggested. Finally, the study indicated the circulation of Toscana-related viruses (3.7%), and a limited number of cases suggested infection by tick-borne encephalitis or Alkhumra related viruses, which deserve further investigations to identify the viruses and vectors implicated. Overall, most of the arboviral cases' predictors were statistically best described by the individuals' housing space and neighborhood environmental characteristics, which correlated with the ecological actors of their respective transmission vectors' survival in the local niche. This study has demonstrated autochthonous arboviral circulations in the republic of Djibouti, and provides an epidemiological inventory, with useful findings for risk mapping and future prevention and control programs.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003299
Cilt: 8
Sayı: 12
Sayfa: e3299
Sınıflandırma :
21
Model-based assessment of Chikungunya and O’nyong-nyong virus circulation in Mali in a serological cross-reactivity context
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Nature Communications
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Nathanaël Hozé , Issa Diarra , Abdoul Karim Sangaré , Boris Pastorino , Laura Pezzi , Bourèma Kouriba , Issaka Sagara , Abdoulaye Dabo , Abdoulaye Djimdé , Mahamadou Ali Thera , Ogobara K. Doumbo , Xavier de Lamballerie , Simon Cauchemez
Yıl :
2021
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
AbstractSerological surveys are essential to quantify immunity in a population but serological cross-reactivity often impairs estimates of the seroprevalence. Here, we show that modeling helps addressing this key challenge by considering the important cross-reactivity between Chikungunya (CHIKV) and O’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV) as a case study. We develop a statistical model to assess the epidemiology of these viruses in Mali. We additionally calibrate the model with paired virus neutralization titers in the French West Indies, a region with known CHIKV circulation but no ONNV. In Mali, the model estimate of ONNV and CHIKV prevalence is 30% and 13%, respectively, versus 27% and 2% in non-adjusted estimates. While a CHIKV infection induces an ONNV response in 80% of cases, an ONNV infection leads to a cross-reactive CHIKV response in only 22% of cases. Our study shows the importance of conducting serological assays on multiple cross-reactive pathogens to estimate levels of virus circulation.
DOI : 10.1038/s41467-021-26707-9
ISSN: 2041-1723
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 12
22
An Analogue of the Antibiotic Teicoplanin Prevents Flavivirus Entry In Vitro
Araştırma Makalesi

Araştırma Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
PLOS - Public Library of Science
Dergi:
Public Library of Science
Yazar(lar) :
Johan Neyts , Jolanda M. Smit , Andrea V. Gamarnik , Maria Preobrazhenskaya , Michael Jacobs , Xavier de Lamballerie , Svetlana S. Printsevskaya , Boris Pastorino , Juan A. Mondotte , Nilda V. Ayala-Nunez , Suzanne J. F. Kaptein , Tine De Burghgraeve
Yıl :
2012
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
There is an urgent need for potent inhibitors of dengue virus (DENV) replication for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of infections with this virus. We here report on an aglycon analogue of the antibiotic teicoplanin (code name LCTA-949) that inhibits DENV-induced cytopathic effect (CPE) in a dose-dependent manner. Virus infection was completely inhibited at concentrations that had no adverse effect on the host cells. These findings were corroborated by quantification of viral RNA levels in culture supernatant. Antiviral activity was also observed against other flaviviruses such as the yellow fever virus and the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). In particular, potent antiviral activity was observed against TBEV. Time-of-drug-addition experiments indicated that LCTA-949 inhibits an early stage in the DENV replication cycle; however, a virucidal effect was excluded. This observation was corroborated by the fact that LCTA-949 lacks activity on DENV subgenomic replicon (that does not encode structural proteins) replication. Using a microsopy-based binding and fusion assay employing DiD-labeled viruses, it was shown that LCTA-949 targets the early stage (binding/entry) of the infection. Moreover, LCTA-949 efficiently inhibits infectivity of DENV particles pre-opsonized with antibodies, thus potentially also inhibiting antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). In conclusion, LCTA-949 exerts in vitro activity against several flaviviruses and does so (as shown for DENV) by interfering with an early step in the viral replication cycle.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0037244
Anahtar Kelimeler : Viral replication, Dengue virus, Flaviviruses, Cell binding assay, Cell binding, Hepatitis C virus, Membrane fusion, Host cells
Sınıflandırma :
Biyotıp %100
Viroloji %100
23
First reported chikungunya fever outbreak in the republic of Congo, 2011.
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
PLoS ONE
Yazar(lar) :
Nanikaly Moyen , Simon-Djamel Thiberville , Boris Pastorino , Antoine Nougairede , Laurence Thirion , Jean-Vivien Mombouli , Yannick Dimi , Isabelle Leparc-Goffart , Maria Rosaria Capobianchi , Amelia Dzia Lepfoundzou , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2014
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Chikungunya is an Aedes -borne disease characterised by febrile arthralgia and responsible for massive outbreaks. We present a prospective clinical cohort study and a retrospective serological study relating to a CHIK outbreak, in the Republic of Congo in 2011.We analysed 317 suspected cases, of which 308 (97.2%) lived in the city of Brazzaville (66.6% in the South area). Amongst them, 37 (11.7%) were CHIKV+ve patients (i.e., biologically confirmed by a real-time RT-PCR assay), of whom 36 (97.3%) had fever, 22 (66.7%) myalgia and 32 (86.5%) arthralgia. All tested negative for dengue. The distribution of incident cases within Brazzaville districts was compared with CHIKV seroprevalence before the outbreak (34.4% in 517 blood donors), providing evidence for previous circulation of CHIKV. We applied a CHIK clinical score to 126 patients recruited within the two first day of illness (including 28 CHIKV+ves (22.2%)) with sensitivity (78.6%) and specificity (72.4%) values comparing with those of the referent study in Reunion Island. The negative predictive value was high (92%), but the positive predictive value (45%) indicate poor potential contribution to medical practice to identify CHIKV+ve patients in low prevalence outbreaks. However, the score allowed a slightly more accurate follow-up of the evolution of the outbreak than the criterion "fever+arthralgia". The complete sequencing of a Congolase isolate (Brazza_MRS1) demonstrated belonging to the East/Central/South African lineage and was further used for producing a robust genome-scale CHIKV phylogenetic analysis.We describe the first Chikungunya outbreak declared in the Republic of Congo. The seroprevalence study conducted amongst blood donors before outbreak provided evidence for previous CHIKV circulation. We suggest that a more systematic survey of the entomological situation and of arbovirus circulation is necessary in Central Africa for better understanding the environmental, microbiological and sociological determinants of emergence.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0115938
ISSN: 1932-6203
Cilt: 9
Sayı: 12
Sayfa: e115938
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %98
24
COVID‐19 convalescent plasma: Evolving strategies for serological screening in France
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Wiley Online Library
Dergi:
Vox Sanguinis
Yazar(lar) :
Pierre Gallian , Sophie Le Cam , Nadège Brisbarre , Boris Pastorino , Abdennour Amroun , Lucile Malard , Xavier Lamballerie , Cathy Bliem , Pascale Richard , Pascal Morel , Pierre Tiberghien
Yıl :
2021
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Quantitation of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) is a key parameter in determining the effective dose for treatment with COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP). Interpretation of results from clinical trials conducted worldwide requires comparison of Nabs titres obtained from different methods. As virus neutralization tests (VNTs) are not standardized scalable or commercially available, strategies based on intensity of ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) or chemiluminescent binding serological tests were implemented to allow comparisons and establish criteria for determining ‘high‐titres’ of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies (Abs). To this end, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has proposed criteria to define high‐titre plasmas using different serological assays, including the one used in France for the CCP SARS‐CoV‐2 Abs screening (Euroimmun anti‐S1 IgG). A retrospective study revealed that when using the FDA criteria (ELISA signal‐to‐cut‐off [S/C ratio] ≥3.5), 91% of CCP had Nabs titres ≥40 as assessed with an in‐house VNT. French strategy to ensure sufficient stocks of CCP of increasing titre has evolved over time. Recently, we improved our strategy by collecting only plasma from vaccinated convalescent donors as we confirmed that the mean IgG antibody level (ELISA S/C ratio) was significantly higher in plasma from vaccinated convalescent donors compared to donations from unvaccinated convalescent donors: 9.31 (CI 95%: 8.46–10.16) versus 3.22 (CI 95%: 3.05–3.39) (p < 0.001).
DOI : 10.1111/vox.13228
ISSN: 0042-9007
25
Toscana Virus and Acute Meningitis, France
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Christophe N. Peyrefitte , Ivan Devetakov , Boris Pastorino , Laurent Villeneuve , Mael Bessaud , Philippe Stolidi , Jerome Depaquit , Laurence Segura , Patrick Gravier , Fabienne Tock , Francoise Durand , Jean-Paul Vagneur , Hugues J. Tolou , Marc Grandadam
Yıl :
2005
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
 Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
DOI : 10.3201/eid1105.041122
Anahtar Kelimeler : Keywords: Toscana virus, acute meningitis, French case, France
Cilt: 11
Sayı: 5
Sayfa: 778 - 780
Sınıflandırma :
26
Correction to: Combination of ELISA screening and seroneutralisation tests to expedite Zika virus seroprevalence studies
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Virology Journal
Yazar(lar) :
Elif Nurtop , Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel , Boris Pastorino , Laetitia Ninove , Jan Felix Drexler , Yelin Roca , Bouba Gake , Audrey Dubot-Peres , Gilda Grard , Christophe Peyrefitte , Stéphane Priet , Xavier de Lamballerie , Pierre Gallian
Yıl :
2019
Boris Pastorino
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
 Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
In the original publication of this article [1], Table 1 has some errors.
DOI : 10.1186/s12985-019-1118-8
ISSN: 1743-422X
Cilt: 16
Sayı: 1
Sayfa: 1 - 1
Sınıflandırma :
Biyotıp %100
Viroloji %85

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