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Ecotoxicological Assessment of Thermally- and Hydrogen-Reduced Graphene Oxide/TiO2 Photocatalytic Nanocomposites Using the Zebrafish Embryo Model
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak 1:
MDPI
Kaynak 2:
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Nanomaterials
Yayıncı:
MDPI AG
Yazar(lar) :
Halema Al-Kandari , Nadin Younes , Ola Al-Jamal , Zain Z. Zakaria , Huda Najjar , Farah Alserr , Gianfranco Pintus , Maha A. Al-Asmakh , Aboubakr M. Abdullah , Gheyath K. Nasrallah
Yıl :
2019
Maha A. Al-Asmakh
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have recently attracted great interest in water pollution management. Using the zebrafish embryo model, we investigated the environmental impacts of two thermally (RGOTi)- and hydrogen (H2RGOTi)-reduced graphene oxide/TiO2 semiconductor photocatalysts recently employed in AOPs. For this purpose, acutoxicity, cardiotoxicity, neurobehavioral toxicity, hematopoietic toxicity, and hatching rate were determinate. For the RGOTi, the no observed effect concentration (NOEC, mortality/teratogenicity score <20%) and the median lethal concentration (LC50) were <400 and 748.6 mg/L, respectively. H2RGOTi showed a NOEC similar to RGOTi. However, no significant mortality was detected at all concentrations used in the acutoxicity assay (up to1000 mg/L), thus indicating a hypothetical LC50 higher than 1000 mg/L. According to the Fish and Wildlife Service Acute Toxicity Rating Scale, RGOTi can be classified as “practically not toxic” and H2RGOTi as “relatively harmless”. However, both nanocomposites should be used with caution at concentration higher than the NOEC (400 mg/L), in particular RGOTi, which significantly (i) caused pericardial and yolk sac edema; (ii) decreased the hatching rate, locomotion, and hematopoietic activities; and (iii) affected the heart rate. Indeed, the aforementioned teratogenic phenotypes were less devastating in H2RGOTi-treated embryos, suggesting that the hydrogen-reduced graphene oxide/TiO2 photocatalysts may be more ecofriendly than the thermally-reduced ones.
DOI : 10.3390/nano9040488
ISSN: 2079-4991
Sayı: 4
Cilt: 9
Sayfa: 488
Sınıflandırma :
2
Organ-specific toxicity evaluation of stearamidopropyl dimethylamine (SAPDMA) surfactant using zebrafish embryos
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Science of The Total Environment
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Ola Al-Jamal , Hadeel Al-Jighefee , Nadin Younes , Roba Abdin , Maha A. Al-Asmakh , A. Bahgat Radwan , Mostafa H. Sliem , Amin F. Majdalawieh , Gianfranco Pintus , Hadi M. Yassine , Aboubakr M. Abdullah , Sahar I. Da'as , Gheyath K. Nasrallah
Yıl :
2020
Maha A. Al-Asmakh
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Surfactants are widely used in the industry of detergents, household products, and cosmetics. SAPDMA is a cationic surfactant that is used mostly in cosmetics, conditioning agents and has recently gained attention as a corrosion inhibitor in the sea pipelines industry. In this regard, literature concerning the ecotoxicological classification of SAPDMA on aquatic animals is lacking. This study aims to evaluate the potential ecotoxicity of SAPDMA using the aquatic zebrafish embryo model. The potential toxic effects of SAPDMA were assessed by different assays. This includes (i) mortality/survival assay to assess the median lethal concentration (LC50); (ii) teratogenicity assay to assess the no observed effect concentration (NOEC); (iii) organ-specific toxicity assays including cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity (using locomotion assay), hematopoietic toxicity (hemoglobin synthesis using o-dianisidine staining), hepatotoxicity (liver steatosis and yolk retention using Oil Red O (ORO) stain); (iv) cellular cytotoxicity (mitochondrial membrane potential) by measuring the accumulation of JC-1 dye into mitochondria. Exposure of embryos to SAPDMA caused mortality in a dose-dependent manner with a calculated LC50 of 2.3 mg/L. Thus, based on the LC50 value and according to the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) Acute Toxicity Rating Scale, SAPDMA is classified as “moderately toxic”. The No Observed Effect Concentration (NOEC) concerning a set of parameters including scoliosis, changes in body length, yolk, and eye sizes was 0.1 mg/L. At the same NOEC concentration (0.1 mg/L), no organ-specific toxicity was detected in fish treated with SAPDMA, except hepatomegaly with no associated liver dysfunctions. However, higher SAPDMA concentrations (0.8 mg/L) have dramatic effects on zebrafish organ development (eye, heart, and liver development). Our data recommend a re-evaluation of the SAPDMA employment in the industry setting and its strictly monitoring by environmental and public health agencies.
DOI : 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140450
Anahtar Kelimeler : Stearamidopropyl Dimethylamine (SAPDMA) surfactant, Zebrafish, Organ-specific toxicity, LC50, NOEC
ISSN: 0048-9697
Cilt: 741
Sayfa: 140450
Sınıflandırma :
Çevre %71
Kirlilik %74

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