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Prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in Qatar: a systematic review
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Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Journal of Public Health Research
Yazar(lar) :
Alaa Badawi , Paul Arora , Eman Sadoun , Al-Anoud Al-Thani , Mohamed H. Al Thani
Yıl :
2012
Mohamed H. Al Thani
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Qatar has a high burden of chronic diseases including obesity, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Low serum vitamin D levels have been implicated in the development and progression of a range of these chronic conditions. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in the general population of Qatar has still not been investigated. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of published studies documenting the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in the Qatari population. A search strategy was developed for online databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase and Embase Classic) between 1980 to the last week of August 2012, and bibliographies of the included studies were further searched for additional reports. Search terms used were QATAR and VITAMIN D. Studies reporting the serum levels of vitamin D in several Qatari sub-populations were identified. Weighted-average vitamin D serum levels and prevalence of low vitamin D status (<75 nmol/L) were calculated. Subgroup analysis was carried out by age. The quality of each study was evaluated according to four criteria: national representativeness, representation of males and females, the sample size, and the sampling protocol. A total of 16 relevant publications were identified, and 8 of these (reporting from 7 unique studies) met our inclusion and exclusion criteria with a total number of 1,699 Qatari subjects. The pooled sample size weighted-average vitamin D concentration (±SD) was 45.3±14.3 nmol/L (95% CI: 44.6-46.0; range 29.2-66.9 nmol/L). The weighted-average prevalence of low vitamin D status was 90.4% (95% CI: 90.1-91.0; range 83%-91%). Age was inversely correlated with vitamin D levels and directly with its insufficiency/deficiency prevalence. There have only been a few studies on the prevalence of low vitamin D in Qatar a very high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency in Qatar that increases with age has been suggested. The present report underlines the need to develop a nationally representative study to further evaluate vitamin D status in Qatar. Given the growing evidence of the role of vitamin D in chronic disease, this study could help develop public health strategies for disease prevention in Qatar.
DOI : 10.4081/jphr.2012.e36
Anahtar Kelimeler : Qatar, vitamin D, prevalence, prevention, public health, systematic review
Cilt: 1
Sayı: 3
Sayfa: e36 - e36
2
Change in the structures, dynamics and disease-related mortality rates of the population of Qatari nationals: 2007–2011
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Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
Yazar(lar) :
Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Eman Sadoun , Al-Anoud Al-Thani , Shamseldin A. Khalifa , Suzan Sayegh , Alaa Badawi
Yıl :
2019
Mohamed H. Al-Thani
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Background: Developing effective public health policies and strategies for interventions necessitates an assessment of the structure, dynamics, disease rates and causes of death in a population. Lately, Qatar has undertaken development resurgence in health and economy that resulted in improving the standard of health services and health status of the entire Qatari population (i.e., Qatari nationals and non-Qatari residents). No study has attempted to evaluate the population structure/dynamics and recent changes in disease-related mortality rates among Qatari nationals. Objective: The present study examines the population structure/dynamics and the related changes in the cause-specific mortality rates and disease prevalence in the Qatari nationals. Methods: This is a retrospective, analytic descriptive analysis covering a period of 5 years (2007–2011) and utilizes a range of data sources from the State of Qatar including the population structure, disease-related mortality rates, and the prevalence of a range of chronic and infectious diseases. Factors reflecting population dynamics such as crude death (CDR), crude birth (CBR), total fertility (TFR) and infant mortality (IMR) rates were also calculated. Results: The Qatari nationals is an expansive population with an annual growth rate of ∼4% and a stable male:female ratio. The CDR declined by 15% within the study period, whereas the CBR was almost stable. The total disease-specific death rate, however, was decreased among the Qatari nationals by 23% due to the decline in mortality rates attributed to diseases of the blood and immune system (43%), nervous system (44%) and cardiovascular system (41%). There was a high prevalence of a range of chronic diseases, whereas very low frequencies of the infectious diseases within the study population. Conclusion: Public health strategies, approaches and programs developed to reduce disease burden and the related death, should be tailored to target the population of Qatari nationals which exhibits characteristics that vary from the entire Qatari population.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jegh.2014.04.002
Anahtar Kelimeler : Qatar, Qatari nationals, Disease-related mortality, Public health
Cilt: 4
Sayı: 4
Sınıflandırma :
3
Evaluation of Storage Tank LLDPE Polymers for Extractable Components
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Wiley Online Library
Dergi:
Journal - American Water Works Association
Yazar(lar) :
Mohamed Ahmed Ali , Joseph A. Cotruvo , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Shaikha A. Al-Zeyara , Wassan A. Al-Baker
Yıl :
2016
Mohamed H. Al-Thani
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DOI : 10.5942/jawwa.2016.108.0056
ISSN: 1551-8833
Cilt: 108
Sayfa: E256-E261
4
SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalization, severity, criticality, and fatality rates in Qatar
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Scientific Reports
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Shaheen Seedat , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Monia Makhoul , Ghina R. Mumtaz , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-RaddadShaheen Seedat , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Monia Makhoul , Ghina R. Mumtaz , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
Mohamed H. Al-Thani Mohamed H. Al-Thani
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AbstractThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic resulted in considerable morbidity and mortality as well as severe economic and societal disruptions. Despite scientific progress, true infection severity, factoring both diagnosed and undiagnosed infections,\n remains poorly understood. This study aimed to estimate SARS-CoV-2 age-stratified and overall morbidity and mortality rates based on analysis of extensive epidemiological data for the pervasive epidemic in Qatar, a country where < 9% of the population are ≥ 50 years. We show that SARS-CoV-2 severity and fatality demonstrate a striking age dependence with low values for those aged < 50 years, but rapidly growing rates for those ≥ 50 years. Age dependence was particularly pronounced for infection criticality rate and infection fatality rate. With Qatar’s young population, overall SARS-CoV-2 severity and fatality were not high with < 4 infections in every 1000 being severe or critical and < 2 in every 10,000 being fatal. Only 13 infections in every 1000 received any hospitalization in acute-care-unit beds and < 2 in every 1000 were hospitalized in intensive-care-unit beds. However, we show that these rates would have been much higher if Qatar’s population had the demographic structure of Europe or the United States. Epidemic expansion in nations with young populations may lead to considerably lower disease burden than currently believed.
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-021-97606-8
ISSN: 2045-2322
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 11
5
Characterizing the Qatar advanced-phase SARS-CoV-2 epidemic
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Scientific Reports
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Laith J. Abu-Raddad , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Robert C. Owen , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Samya A. Al Abdulla , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Mujeeb C. Kandy , Hatoun Saeb , Shazia Nadeem N. Ahmed , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Devendra Bansal , Louise Dalton , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto BertolliniLaith J. Abu-Raddad , Hiam Chemaitelly , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Robert C. Owen , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Samya A. Al Abdulla , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Mujeeb C. Kandy , Hatoun Saeb , Shazia Nadeem N. Ahmed , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Devendra Bansal , Louise Dalton , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini
Yıl :
2021
Mohamed H. Al-Thani Mohamed H. Al-Thani
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AbstractThe overarching objective of this study was to provide the descriptive epidemiology of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic in Qatar by addressing specific research questions through a series of national epidemiologic studies. Sources of data were the centralized and standardized national databases for SARS-CoV-2 infection. By July 10, 2020, 397,577 individuals had been tested for SARS-CoV-2 using polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR), of whom 110,986 were positive, a positivity cumulative rate of 27.9% (95% CI 27.8–28.1%). As of July 5, case severity rate, based on World Health Organization (WHO) severity classification, was 3.4% and case fatality rate was 1.4 per 1,000 persons. Age was by far the strongest predictor of severe, critical, or fatal infection. PCR positivity of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs in a national community survey (May 6–7) including 1,307 participants was 14.9% (95% CI 11.5–19.0%); 58.5% of those testing positive were asymptomatic. Across 448 ad-hoc testing campaigns in workplaces and residential areas including 26,715 individuals, pooled mean PCR positivity was 15.6% (95% CI 13.7–17.7%). SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence was 24.0% (95% CI 23.3–24.6%) in 32,970 residual clinical blood specimens. Antibody prevalence was only 47.3% (95% CI 46.2–48.5%) in those who had at least one PCR positive result, but 91.3% (95% CI 89.5–92.9%) among those who were PCR positive > 3 weeks before serology testing. Qatar has experienced a large SARS-CoV-2 epidemic that is rapidly declining, apparently due to growing immunity levels in the population.
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-021-85428-7
ISSN: 2045-2322
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 11
6
Analytic comparison between three high-throughput commercial SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays reveals minor discrepancies in a high-incidence population
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Scientific Reports
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Soha R. Dargham , Farah Shurrab , Duaa W. Al-Sadeq , Hadeel Al-Jighefee , Hiam Chemaitelly , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamda Qotba , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Patrick Tang , Roberto Bertollini , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Asmaa A. Althani , Laith J. Abu-RaddadGheyath K. Nasrallah , Soha R. Dargham , Farah Shurrab , Duaa W. Al-Sadeq , Hadeel Al-Jighefee , Hiam Chemaitelly , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamda Qotba , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Patrick Tang , Roberto Bertollini , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Asmaa A. Althani , Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
Mohamed H. Al-Thani Mohamed H. Al-Thani
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AbstractPerformance of three automated commercial serological IgG-based assays was investigated for assessing SARS-CoV-2 “ever” (past or current) infection in a population-based sample in a high exposure setting. PCR and serological testing was performed on 394 individuals. SARS-CoV-2-IgG seroprevalence was 42.9% (95% CI 38.1–47.8%), 40.6% (95% CI 35.9–45.5%), and 42.4% (95% CI 37.6–47.3%) using the CL-900i, VidasIII, and Elecsys assays, respectively. Between the three assays, overall, positive, and negative percent agreements ranged between 93.2–95.7%, 89.3–92.8%, and 93.8–97.8%, respectively; Cohen’s kappa statistic ranged from 0.86 to 0.91; and 35 specimens (8.9%) showed discordant results. Among all individuals, 12.5% (95% CI 9.6–16.1%) had current infection, as assessed by PCR. Of these, only 34.7% (95% CI 22.9–48.7%) were seropositive by at least one assay. A total of 216 individuals (54.8%; 95% CI 49.9–59.7%) had evidence of ever infection using antibody testing and/or PCR during or prior to this study. Of these, only 78.2%, 74.1%, and 77.3% were seropositive in the CL-900i, VidasIII, and Elecsys assays, respectively. All three assays had comparable performance and excellent agreement, but missed at least 20% of individuals with past or current infection. Commercial antibody assays can substantially underestimate ever infection, more so when infection rates are high.
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-021-91235-x
ISSN: 2045-2322
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 11
7
mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants and severe COVID-19 disease in Qatar
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Nature Medicine
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Hiam Chemaitelly , Hadi M. Yassine , Fatiha M. Benslimane , Hebah A. Al Khatib , Patrick Tang , Mohammad R. Hasan , Joel A. Malek , Peter Coyle , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Einas Al Kuwari , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Mohamed Ghaith Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Adeel A. Butt , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-RaddadHiam Chemaitelly , Hadi M. Yassine , Fatiha M. Benslimane , Hebah A. Al Khatib , Patrick Tang , Mohammad R. Hasan , Joel A. Malek , Peter Coyle , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Einas Al Kuwari , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Mohamed Ghaith Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Adeel A. Butt , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
Mohamed H. Al-Thani Mohamed H. Al-Thani
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DOI : 10.1038/s41591-021-01446-y
ISSN: 1078-8956
Sayı: 9
Cilt: 27
Sayfa: 1614-1621
8
BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in Qatar
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Nature Medicine
Yayıncı:
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Yazar(lar) :
Patrick Tang , Mohammad R. Hasan , Hiam Chemaitelly , Hadi M. Yassine , Fatiha M. Benslimane , Hebah A. Al Khatib , Sawsan AlMukdad , Peter Coyle , Houssein H. Ayoub , Zaina Al Kanaani , Einas Al Kuwari , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Gheyath K. Nasrallah , Mohamed Ghaith Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Adeel A. Butt , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Roberto Bertollini , Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
Mohamed H. Al-Thani
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DOI : 10.1038/s41591-021-01583-4
ISSN: 1078-8956
Sayı: 12
Cilt: 27
Sayfa: 2136-2143
9
Two prolonged viremic SARS-CoV-2 infections with conserved viral genome for two months
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Infection, Genetics and Evolution
Yayıncı:
Elsevier BV
Yazar(lar) :
Laith J. Abu-Raddad , Hiam Chemaitelly , Joel A. Malek , Ayeda A. Ahmed , Yasmin A. Mohamoud , Shameem Younuskunju , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A. Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F. Abdul Rahim , Hadi M. Yassine , Mohamed G. Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H. Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini
Yıl :
2021
Mohamed H. Al-Thani
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Kaydet Alıntıla
We document two cases of viremic and prolonged active infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) where the viral genome was conserved for two months, but infection was with little or no symptoms. The first infection persisted for 80 days and the second for 62 days. Clearance of infection occurred 40 and 41 days, respectively, after development of detectable antibodies. Both cases were identified incidentally in an investigation of reinfection in a cohort of 133,266 laboratory-confirmed infected persons.
DOI : 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104684
Anahtar Kelimeler : SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Epidemiology, Infection, Genome, Infectious period
ISSN: 1567-1348
Cilt: 88
Sayfa: 104684
10
Epidemiological investigation of the first 5685 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Qatar, 28 February–18 April 2020
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
The BMJ
Dergi:
BMJ Open
Yazar(lar) :
Hanan M Al Kuwari , Hanan F Abdul Rahim , Laith J Abu-Raddad , Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra , Zaina Al Kanaani , Abdullatif Al Khal , Einas Al Kuwari , Salih Al Marri , Muna Al Masalmani , Hamad E Al Romaihi , Mohamed H Al Thani , Peter V Coyle , Ali N Latif , Robert Owen , Roberto Bertollini , Adeel Ajwad Butt
Yıl :
2020
Mohamed H Al Thani
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
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Kaydet Alıntıla
ObjectiveTo define the epidemiological curve of COVID-19 in Qatar and determine factors associated with severe or critical illness.DesignCase series of first 5685 COVID-19 cases in Qatar.Setting and participantsAll confirmed COVID-19 cases in the State of Qatar between 28 February and 18 April 2020.Main outcome measuresNumber of total and daily new COVID-19 infections; demographic characteristics and comorbidity burden and severity of infection; factors associated with severe or critical illness.ResultsBetween 28 February and 18 April 2020, 5685 cases of COVID-19 were identified. Median age was 34 (IQR 28–43) years, 88.9% were male and 8.7% were Qatari nationals. Overall, 83.6% had no concomitant comorbidity, and 3.0% had three or more comorbidities. The overwhelming majority (90.9%) were asymptomatic or with minimal symptoms, with 2.0% having severe or critical illness. Seven deaths were observed during the time interval studied. Presence of hypertension or diabetes was associated with a higher risk of severe or critical illness, but age was not. The epidemiological curve indicated two distinct patterns of infection, a larger cluster among expatriate craft and manual workers and a smaller one among Qatari nationals returning from abroad during the epidemic.ConclusionCOVID-19 infections in Qatar started in two distinct clusters, but then became more widespread in the population through community transmission. Infections were mostly asymptomatic or with minimal symptoms and associated with very low mortality. Severe/critical illness was associated with presence of hypertension or diabetes but not with increasing age.
DOI : 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040428
ISSN: 2044-6055
Sayı: 10
Cilt: 10
Sayfa: e040428
11
Epidemiological impact of prioritising SARS-CoV-2 vaccination by antibody status: mathematical modelling analyses
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
The BMJ
Dergi:
BMJ Innovations
Yazar(lar) :
Houssein H Ayoub , Hiam Chemaitelly , Monia Makhoul , Zaina Al Kanaani , Einas Al Kuwari , Adeel A Butt , Peter Coyle , Andrew Jeremijenko , Anvar Hassan Kaleeckal , Ali Nizar Latif , Riyazuddin Mohammad Shaik , Hanan F Abdul Rahim , Gheyath K Nasrallah , Hadi M Yassine , Mohamed G Al Kuwari , Hamad Eid Al Romaihi , Mohamed H Al-Thani , Roberto Bertollini , Abdullatif Al Khal , Laith J Abu-Raddad
Yıl :
2021
Mohamed H Al-Thani
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Kaydet Alıntıla
BackgroundVaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have been developed, but their availability falls far short of global needs. This study aimed to investigate the impact of prioritising available doses on the basis of recipient antibody status, that is by exposure status, using Qatar as an example.MethodsVaccination impact (defined as the reduction in infection incidence and the number of vaccinations needed to avert one infection or one adverse disease outcome) was assessed under different scale-up scenarios using a deterministic meta-population mathematical model describing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and disease progression in the presence of vaccination.ResultsFor a vaccine that protects against infection with an efficacy of 95%, half as many vaccinations were needed to avert one infection, disease outcome or death by prioritising antibody-negative individuals for vaccination. Prioritisation by antibody status reduced incidence at a faster rate and led to faster elimination of infection and return to normalcy. Further prioritisation by age group amplified the gains of prioritisation by antibody status. Gains from prioritisation by antibody status were largest in settings where the proportion of the population already infected at the commencement of vaccination was 30%–60%. For a vaccine that only protects against disease and not infection, vaccine impact was reduced by half, whether this impact was measured in terms of averted infections or disease outcomes, but the relative gains from using antibody status to prioritise vaccination recipients were similar.ConclusionsMajor health and economic gains can be achieved more quickly by prioritizing those who are antibody-negative while doses of the vaccine remain in short supply.
DOI : 10.1136/bmjinnov-2021-000677
ISSN: 2055-8074
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 7
Sayfa: 327-336
12
The state of health in the Arab world, 1990–2010: an analysis of the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors
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Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
The Lancet
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Ali H Mokdad , Sara Jaber , Muna I Abdel Aziz , Fadia AlBuhairan , Abduljabbar AlGhaithi , Nawal M AlHamad , Suad N Al-Hooti , Adel Al-Jasari , Mohammad A AlMazroa , Ahmed Mohamed AlQasmi , Shirina Alsowaidi , Majed Asad , Charles Atkinson , Alaa Badawi , Talal Bakfalouni , AbdelAziz Barkia , Stan Biryukov , Charbel El Bcheraoui , Farah Daoud , Mohammad Hossein Forouzanfar , Diego Gonzalez-Medina , Randah R Hamadeh , Mohamed Hsairi , Seifeddin Saleh Hussein , Nadim Karam , Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa , Tawfik A M Khoja , Faris Lami , Katherine Leach-Kemon , Ziad A Memish , Ali A Mokdad , Mohsen Naghavi , Jamal Nasher , M Bassam Hijawi Qasem , Mohammad Shuaib , Al Anoud M Al Thani , Mohamed H Al Thani , Mohammed Zamakhshary , Alan D Lopez , Christopher J L Murray
Yıl :
2014
Mohamed H Al Thani
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Kaydet Alıntıla
Summary Background The Arab world has a set of historical, geopolitical, social, cultural, and economic characteristics and has been involved in several wars that have affected the burden of disease. Moreover, financial and human resources vary widely across the region. We aimed to examine the burden of diseases and injuries in the Arab world for 1990, 2005, and 2010 using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010). Methods We divided the 22 countries of the Arab League into three categories according to their gross national income: low-income countries (LICs; Comoros, Djibouti, Mauritania, Yemen, and Somalia), middle-income countries (MICs; Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, occupied Palestinian territory, Sudan, Syria, and Tunisia), and high-income countries (HICs; Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates). For the whole Arab world, each income group, and each individual country, we estimated causes of death, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), DALY-attributable risk factors, years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs), and life expectancy by age and sex for 1990, 2005, and 2010. Findings Ischaemic heart disease was the top cause of death in the Arab world in 2010 (contributing to 14·3% of deaths), replacing lower respiratory infections, which were the leading cause of death in 1990 (11·0%). Lower respiratory infections contributed to the highest proportion of DALYs overall (6·0%), and in female indivduals (6·1%), but ischaemic heart disease was the leading cause of DALYs in male individuals (6·0%). DALYs from non-communicable diseases—especially ischaemic heart disease, mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, musculoskeletal disorders including low back pain and neck pain, diabetes, and cirrhosis—increased since 1990. Major depressive disorder was ranked first as a cause of YLDs in 1990, 2005, and 2010, and lower respiratory infections remained the leading cause of YLLs in 2010 (9·2%). The burden from HIV/AIDS also increased substantially, specifically in LICs and MICs, and road injuries continued to rank highly as a cause of death and DALYs, especially in HICs. Deaths due to suboptimal breastfeeding declined from sixth place in 1990 to tenth place in 2010, and childhood underweight declined from fifth to 11th place. Interpretation Since 1990, premature death and disability caused by communicable, newborn, nutritional, and maternal disorders (with the exception of HIV/AIDS) has decreased in the Arab world—although these disorders do still persist in LICs—whereas the burden of non-communicable diseases and injuries has increased. The changes in the burden of disease will challenge already stretched human and financial resources because many Arab countries are now dealing with both non-communicable and infectious diseases. A road map for health in the Arab world is urgently needed. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
DOI : 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62189-3
ISSN: 0140-6736
Sayı: 9914
Cilt: 383
Sayfa: 309-320
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