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Arenaviruses other than Lassa virus
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Antiviral Research
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N Charrel , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2003
Rémi N Charrel
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The family Arenaviridae includes 23 viral species, of which 5 can cause viral hemorrhagic fevers with a case fatality rate of about 20%. These five viruses are Junin, Machupo, Guanarito, Sabia and Lassa virus, the manipulation of which requires biosafety level 4 facilities. They are included in the Category A Pathogen List established by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention that groups agents with the greatest potential for adverse public health impact and mass casualties whether a situation characterized by a ill-intentioned abuse of natural or engineered arenavirus would be encountered. The aims of this article are to (i) summarize the current situation; (ii) provide information to help anticipating the effects to be expected in such a situation; and to (iii) emphasize the need for fundamental research to allow the development of diagnostic, prevention and therapeutic tools as countermeasures to weaponized arenaviruses.
DOI : 10.1016/s0166-3542(02)00202-4
Anahtar Kelimeler : Arenavirus, Bioterrorism, Viral hemorrhagic fever, Lassa virus, Guanarito virus, Machupo virus, Junin virus, Sabia virus, Ribavirin
ISSN: 0166-3542
Sayı: 1-2
Cilt: 57
Sayfa: 89-100
Sınıflandırma :
2
Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever in Travelers Returning from Egypt, 2010
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N. Charrel , Ernest A. Gould
Yıl :
2011
Rémi N. Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
DOI : 10.3201/eid1708.101858
Anahtar Kelimeler : viruses, hemorrhagic fever, Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever, travelers, letter, Egypt
Cilt: 17
Sayı: 8
Sayfa: 1573 - 1574
Sınıflandırma :
3
Le virus West Nile, un arbovirus émergent
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
La Presse Médicale
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N. Charrel , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2004
Rémi N. Charrel
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Résumé Le virus West Nile (famille Flaviviridae, genre Flavivirus), isolé pour la première fois en Afrique en 1937, est un arbovirus transmis par la piqûre d’un moustique du genre Culex. Son cycle naturel comporte un vecteur (moustique du genre Culex), un réservoir (oiseaux de diverses espèces) ; les hommes et les grands mammifères représentent des impasses épidémiologiques. Une dissémination progressive Ce virus a attiré l’attention par plusieurs épidémies et épizooties en France, en Russie, en Roumanie, en Israël. L’événement le plus marquant est son introduction en 1999 dans le Nord-Est des États-Unis, territoire préalablement exempt du virus West Nile, et sa dissémination progressive suivant des gradients Nord-Sud et Ouest-Est pour réaliser fin 2002 une occupation de la quasi-totalité du territoire nord-américain (États-Unis, Canada et Mexique). L’année 2002 a été particulièrement favorable à la dissémination du virus West Nile aux États-Unis avec l’enregistrement de plus de 4 000 cas humains et de près de 300 morts. En 2003, près de 10 000 cas ont été enregistrés. De janvier à octobre 2004, près de 2 000 cas humains ont été enregistrés. Parmi les patients infectés par le virus, une minorité développera une forme symptomatique et seule une faible partie de ces derniers aura une forme neurologique. Pour le diagnostic et la surveillance Bien que la technique de référence soit toujours l’isolement du virus, les méthodes diagnostiques utilisées en routine reposent essentiellement sur les techniques sérologiques (détection d’une augmentation du taux des anticorps spécifiques sur 2 sérums prélevés à 21 jours d’intervalle, détection des IgM sur un sérum unique) et sur les techniques moléculaires (détection du génome du virus) ; ces dernières ont été développées dans des formats quantitatifs en temps réel permettant un rendu de résultat dans les 24 heures. Nous décrivons la situation en France à la suite de l’épizootie équine survenue en 2000 et les modalités de la surveillance mise en place à cette occasion. Summary The West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus), first isolated in 1937 in Africa, is an arthropod-borne virus transmitted through Culex mosquitoes bite. Its natural cycle includes a vector (Culex mosquitoes), a reservoir (birds of various species) and humans and large mammals are epidemiological dead-ends. Progressive dissemination This virus recently drew attention after several epidemics and epizooties were identified in France, Russia, Romania, and Israel. However, the most striking fact is its introduction in 1999 into the north-eastern United States, a country previously West Nile virus-free, and its progressive spread according to North-South and West-East gradients to finally cover the near-totality of the north American territory (USA, Canada and Mexico), in 2002. The Year 2002 has been particularly prone to disseminating West Nile virus in the Unites States: more than 4 000 human cases have been recorded and resulted in the death of almost 300. In 2003, around 10 000 cases were recorded. From January to October 2004, around 2 000 human cases have been recorded in the USA. Among infected patients, few develop a symptomatic form, and only a small proportion of the latter will develop a neurological form. Regarding diagnosis and surveillance Although virus isolation remains the technique of reference, routine diagnosis basically relies on serology (detection of increased levels of specific antibodies on two blood tests at 21 days interval, detection of IgM on a single test) and on molecular techniques (detection of the viral genome); the latter have been developed in quantitative and real-time formats that provide results within 24 hours. We describe the situation in France following the equine epizooty that occurred in 2000, and the surveillance modalities initiated at that time.
DOI : 10.1016/s0755-4982(04)98977-4
ISSN: 0755-4982
Sayı: 21
Cilt: 33
Sayfa: 1521-1526
Sınıflandırma :
4
Models cannot predict future outbreaks: A/H1N1 virus, the paradigm
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Springer Link
Dergi:
European Journal of Epidemiology
Yazar(lar) :
Antoine Nougairède , Rémi N. Charrel , Didier Raoult
Konu :
Epidemiology
Yıl :
2010
Rémi N. Charrel
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Evolution of the industrialized society had led to a risk management policy in many domains. Assessment of health care risk in the case of infectious diseases often includes mathematical models. Results of modelling were used in France to design emergency plans against flu pandemic. We believe that models cannot predict the features of the future outbreaks because the intrinsic properties of an emergent pathogen and the ecosystem in which it is developing are very complex. Of course, prediction of future outbreaks is not possible without using models, but we think that it is an illusion to presently believe that an emerging phenomenon can be anticipated by using only prediction from models. The recent pandemic caused by the novel A/H1N1 virus has confirmed the unpredictability of infectious diseases. The rapid evolution in several domains such as antimicrobial therapeutics, vaccine and hygiene conditions make comparison with past pandemics hard. The adherence of populations to prevention measures and immunisation campaigns are unpredictable. In addition, the presentation of pessimistic models is deleterious. They impress governments and provoke fears. There is a striking necessity to develop the number and the capacities of sentinel centres to take and adapt decisions based on timely available scientific information.
DOI : 10.1007/s10654-010-9533-6
Anahtar Kelimeler : Pandemic, Model, Influenza, Prediction, Outbreak, H1N1
ISSN: 0393-2990 1573-7284
Sayı: 3
Cilt: 26
Sayfa: 183-186
5
Seasonality of mosquitoes and chikungunya in Italy
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N Charrel , Xavier de Lamballerie , Didier Raoult
Yıl :
2008
Rémi N Charrel
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DOI : 10.1016/s1473-3099(07)70296-7
ISSN: 1473-3099
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 8
Sayfa: 5-6
Sınıflandırma :
6
Phylogeny of the genus Arenavirus
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Current Opinion in Microbiology
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N Charrel , Xavier de Lamballerie , Sébastien Emonet
Yıl :
2008
Rémi N Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
The family Arenaviridae consists of a unique genus (Arenavirus) that currently comprises 22 viral species, as recognized by the International Committee for Taxonomy of Viruses. Seven newly discovered represent putative new species. Here, our aims were to provide the most comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of members and putative members of the family Arenaviridae to date, and to investigate the genetic diversity observed within and between recognized species of New world arenaviruses to determine whether the genetic criteria previously proposed to define arenavirus species for Old world arenaviruses should be retained or are more widely applicable to the whole genus.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mib.2008.06.001
ISSN: 1369-5274
Sayı: 4
Cilt: 11
Sayfa: 362-368
Sınıflandırma :
7
Yellow fever in the diagnostics laboratory.
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
PubMed
Dergi:
Emerg Microbes Infect
Yazar(lar) :
Cristina Domingo , Rémi N Charrel , Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit , Hervé Zeller , Chantal Reusken
Konu :
Animals, Brazil, Disease Outbreaks, Endemic Diseases, Humans, Mass Vaccination, Mosquito Control, Vaccination, Yellow Fever, Yellow Fever Vaccine, Yellow fever virus
Yıl :
2018
Rémi N Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
Yellow fever (YF) remains a public health issue in endemic areas despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine. In 2015-2016, urban outbreaks of YF were declared in Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo, and a sylvatic outbreak has been ongoing in Brazil since December 2016. Of great concern is the risk of urban transmission cycles taking hold in Brazil and the possible spread to countries with susceptible populations and competent vectors. Vaccination remains the cornerstone of an outbreak response, but a low vaccine stockpile has forced a sparing-dose strategy, which has thus far been implemented in affected African countries and now in Brazil. Accurate laboratory confirmation of cases is critical for efficient outbreak control. A dearth of validated commercial assays for YF, however, and the shortcomings of serological methods make it challenging to implement YF diagnostics outside of reference laboratories. We examine the advantages and drawbacks of existing assays to identify the barriers to timely and efficient laboratory diagnosis. We stress the need to develop new diagnostic tools to meet current challenges in the fight against YF.
DOI : 10.1038/s41426-018-0128-8
Sınıflandırma :
8
High Rates of Neutralizing Antibodies to Toscana and Sandfly Fever Sicilian Viruses in Livestock, Kosovo
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Nazli Ayhan , Kurtesh Sherifi , Arber Taraku , Kristaq Bërxholi , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2017
Rémi N. Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
Toscana and sandfly fever Sicilian viruses (TOSV and SFSV, respectively), both transmitted by sand flies, are prominent human pathogens in the Old World. Of 1,086 serum samples collected from cattle and sheep during 2013 in various regions of Kosovo (Balkan Peninsula), 4.7% and 53.4% had neutralizing antibodies against TOSV and SFSV, respectively.
DOI : 10.3201/eid2306.161929
Anahtar Kelimeler : Bunyaviridae, Phlebovirus, arbovirus, Balkan, Mediterranean, vector-borne infections
Cilt: 23
Sayı: 6
Sayfa: 989 - 992
Sınıflandırma :
9
An approach based on RFLP assay to investigate outbreaks of enteroviral meningitis
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Journal of Clinical Virology
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N. Charrel , Emmanuelle Bernit , Christine Zandotti , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2004
Rémi N. Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
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Kaydet Alıntıla
Background: Enteroviruses (EV) circulate worldwide and are a major cause for annual epidemics of meningitis in humans. During the last two decades, echovirus type 30 (E-30) has revealed to be one of the most prevalent enteroviruses at the origin of epidemics of EV meningitis. : To design an approach to timely investigate epidemics due to EV. To apply this strategy to the outbreak of meningitis due to E-30 that occurred at the end of year 2000 in Marseilles, France. Study design: The approach consisted to (i) determine whether the epidemic was caused by a dominant strain; (ii) identify the dominant strain by sequencing the first isolates during the outbreak; (iii) identify a restriction enzyme, capable to produce an Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profile characteristic for the dominant strain, for rapid identification based on RFLP analysis of PCR products. Results and conclusions: A total of 394 samples were tested; 258 (corresponding to 177 patients) were positive for the presence of EV by cell culture and/or RT-PCR. Sequence analysis of a 785-bp PCR product (including the 5′ end of the VP1 gene) performed for the 30 first isolates permitted to identify a RFLP profile that was specific of the dominant strain after enzymatic cleavage by Bst X1. This RFLP profile was observed in 246 out of 258 PCR products. This method of typing is rapid, simple and inexpensive, and may be applied for the epidemiological typing of EV in epidemic situations.
DOI : 10.1016/s1386-6532(03)00089-1
Anahtar Kelimeler : Enterovirus, Picornaviridae, Echovirus, Outbreak, RFLP, PCR
ISSN: 1386-6532
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 29
Sayfa: 54-58
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %99
10
Toscana Virus RNA in Sergentomyia minuta Flies
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N. Charrel , Arezki Izri , Sarah Temmam , Xavier de Lamballerie , Philippe Parola
Yıl :
2006
Rémi N. Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
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Kaydet Alıntıla
DOI : 10.3201/eid1208.060345
Anahtar Kelimeler : Toscana virus, sandflies, France, letter
Cilt: 12
Sayı: 8
Sayfa: 1299 - 1300
Sınıflandırma :
Biyotıp %100
Viroloji %95
11
Prolonged Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in Fomites
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Boris Pastorino , Franck Touret , Magali Gilles , Xavier de Lamballerie , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2020
Rémi N. Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
We spotted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 on polystyrene plastic, aluminum, and glass for 96 hours with and without bovine serum albumin (3 g/L). We observed a steady infectivity (<1 log10 drop) on plastic, a 3.5 log10 decrease on glass, and a 6 log10 drop on aluminum. The presence of proteins noticeably prolonged infectivity.
DOI : 10.3201/eid2609.201788
Anahtar Kelimeler : COVID-19, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, 2019 coronavirus disease, zoonoses
Cilt: 26
Sayı: 9
Sayfa: 2256 - 2257
12
Mouse-to-Human Transmission of Variant Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Sébastien Emonet , Karine Retornaz , Jean-Paul Gonzalez , Xavier de Lamballerie , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2007
Rémi N. Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
A case of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection led to investigation of the reservoir. LCMV was detected in mice trapped at the patient's home, and 12 isolates were recovered. Genetic analysis showed that human and mouse LCMVs were identical and that this LCMV strain was highly divergent from previously characterized LCMV.
DOI : 10.3201/eid1303.061141
Anahtar Kelimeler : arenavirus, zoonosis, human, meningitis, encephalitis, infection
Cilt: 13
Sayı: 3
Sayfa: 472 - 475
Sınıflandırma :
Biyotıp %100
Viroloji %81
13
Sandfly-Borne Phlebovirus Isolations from Turkey: New Insight into the Sandfly fever Sicilian and Sandfly fever Naples Species.
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Cigdem Alkan , Ozge Erisoz Kasap , Bulent Alten , Xavier de Lamballerie , Rémi N Charrel
Yıl :
2016
Rémi N Charrel
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BACKGROUND:Many studies have presented virus sequences which suggest the existence of a variety of putative new phleboviruses transmitted by sandflies in the Old World. However, in most of these studies, only partial sequences in the polymerase or the nucleoprotein genes were characterised. Therefore to further our understand of the presence and potential medical importance of sandfly-borne phleboviruses that circulate in southern Anatolia, we initiated field campaigns in 2012 and 2013 designed to identify, isolate and characterise phleboviruses in sandflies in this region. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:An entomological investigation encompassing 8 villages in Adana, Mediterranean Turkey was performed in August and September 2012 and 2013. A total of 11,302 sandflies were collected and grouped into 797 pools which were tested for the presence of phleboviruses using specific primers for RT-PCR analysis and also cell culture methods for virus isolation. Seven pools were PCR positive, and viruses were isolated from three pools of sandflies, resulting in the identification of two new viruses that we named Zerdali virus and Toros virus. Phylogenetic analysis based on full-length genomic sequence showed that Zerdali virus was most closely related with Tehran virus (and belongs to the Sandfly fever Naples species), whereas Toros virus was closest to Corfou virus. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:The results indicate that a variety of phleboviruses are co-circulating in this region of southern Anatolia. Based on our studies, these new viruses clearly belong to genetic groups that include several human pathogens. However, whether or not Toros and Zerdali viruses can infect humans and cause diseases such as sandfly fever remains to be investigated.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004519
Cilt: 10
Sayı: 3
Sayfa: e0004519
Sınıflandırma :
Biyotıp %100
Viroloji %89
14
Need for additional capacity and improved capability for molecular detection of yellow fever virus in European Expert Laboratories: External Quality Assessment, March 2018.
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
PubMed
Dergi:
Euro Surveill.
Yazar(lar) :
Cristina Domingo , Heinz Ellerbrok , Marion Koopmans , Andreas Nitsche , Katrin Leitmeyer , Rémi N Charrel , Chantal B E M Reusken
Yıl :
2018
Rémi N Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
An external quality assessment of yellow fever virus (YFV) molecular detection in European laboratories was organised in rapid response to an increase in human cases in Brazil in 2018 with risk of import to Europe. Detection of YFV was assessed among 32 laboratories in 23/31 European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) countries and two laboratories in one non-EU/EEA country. Adequate capabilities were lacking in 10/23 countries; five did not participate as they lacked implemented assays.
DOI : 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.28.1800341
Anahtar Kelimeler : emerging or re-emerging diseases, imported viral diseases, laboratory surveillance, vector-borne infections, yellow fever virus
Sınıflandırma :
15
Sandfly Fever Sicilian Virus, Algeria
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Arezki Izri , Sarah Temmam , Grégory Moureau , Boussad Hamrioui , Xavier de Lamballerie , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2008
Rémi N. Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
To determine whether sandfly fever Sicilian virus (SFSV) is present in Algeria, we tested sandflies for phlebovirus RNA. A sequence closely related to that of SFSV was detected in a Phlebotomus ariasi sandfly. Of 60 human serum samples, 3 contained immunoglobulin G against SFSV. These data suggest SFSV is present in Algeria.
DOI : 10.3201/eid1405.071487
Anahtar Kelimeler : phlebovirus, sandfly, arbovirus, human, Toscana, dispatch
Cilt: 14
Sayı: 5
Sayfa: 795 - 797
Sınıflandırma :
16
Sandfly fever due to Toscana virus: an emerging infection in southern France
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
European Journal of Internal Medicine
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Marion Hemmersbach-Miller , Philippe Parola , Rémi N. Charrel , Jean Paul Durand , Philippe Brouqui
Yıl :
2004
Rémi N. Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
Infections due to Toscana virus (TOSV) have been described in the Mediterranean area, mainly in Italy. We describe two cases of acute TOSV infection in southern France, one aseptic meningitis and one influenza-like illness. To our knowledge, only one other case of TOSV infection has been reported in this area.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ejim.2004.05.006
Anahtar Kelimeler : Sandfly fever, Toscana virus, Aseptic meningitis, Phlebotomus fever
ISSN: 0953-6205
Sayı: 5
Cilt: 15
Sayfa: 316-317
Sınıflandırma :
17
Phylogeny and evolution of old world arenaviruses
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Virology
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Sébastien Emonet , Jean-Jacques Lemasson , Jean-Paul Gonzalez , Xavier de Lamballerie , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2006
Rémi N. Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
The intention of this study was to investigate the genomics, phylogeny and evolution of the Old World arenaviruses based on sequence data representing the four viral genes. To achieve this aim, we sequenced the complete S and L RNA segments of Ippy virus (IPPYV), Mobala virus (MOBV) and Mopeia virus (MOPV). Full-length sequences of the NP, GPC, Z and L genes were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and to compare resulting tree topologies. Each of the five Old World arenavirus species (namely Lassa virus [LASV], IPPYV, MOBV, MOPV and Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus [LCMV]) are monophyletic; seven selected strains of LASV showed a similar topology regardless of the gene under analysis; IPPYV rooted the three other African arenaviruses; the four African arenaviruses are rooted by the ubiquitous LCMV; and the tree topologies of the three African arenaviruses other than LASV are identical regardless of the gene used for analysis. No evidence for significant evolutionary events such as intra- or intersegmental recombination was obtained.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virol.2006.01.026
Anahtar Kelimeler : Arenavirus, Evolution, Recombination, Phylogeny, Viral hemorrhagic fever, Lassa virus, BSL-4, Africa, Ippy virus, Mobala virus, Mopeia virus
ISSN: 0042-6822
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 350
Sayfa: 251-257
Sınıflandırma :
18
Dengue Virus Type 3 Infection in Traveler Returning from West Africa
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Laetitia Ninove , Philippe Parola , Cécile Baronti , Xavier de Lamballerie , Philippe Gautret , Barbara Doudier , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2009
Rémi N. Charrel
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Kaydet Alıntıla
DOI : 10.3201/eid1511.081736
Anahtar Kelimeler : Dengue, West Africa, Côte du2019Ivoire, surveillance, traveler, viruses
Cilt: 15
Sayı: 11
Sayfa: 1871 - 1872
Sınıflandırma :
19
Co-transmission of hepatitis C and G viruses
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Journal of Hepatology
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Elodie Cretel , Rémi N. Charrel , Michel Rotily , Sylvette Rousseau , Jean François Cantaloube , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
1997
Rémi N. Charrel
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Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
DOI : 10.1016/s0168-8278(97)80193-6
ISSN: 0168-8278
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 27
Sayfa: 426
Sınıflandırma :
Viroloji %73
20
Long PCR Product Sequencing (LoPPS): a shotgun-based approach to sequence long PCR products
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Springer Nature
Dergi:
Nature Protocols
Yayıncı:
Springer Nature
Yazar(lar) :
Sébastien F Emonet , Gilda Grard , Nadège M Brisbarre , Grégory N Moureau , Sarah Temmam , Rémi N Charrel , Xavier de Lamballerie
Konu :
Life Sciences, general, Biological Techniques, Analytical Chemistry, Microarrays, Computational Biology/Bioinformatics, Organic Chemistry
Yıl :
2007
Rémi N Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
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Kaydet Alıntıla
Here we describe a practical procedure for sequencing long PCR products. The method relies on ultrasonic shearing of PCR products, resulting in fragments 700–1,000 nt long. Termini are subsequently repaired to obtain blunt ends and 3′ A-overhangs are added before TA cloning. A predetermined number of clones are sequenced using an insert-independent primer to obtain an overlapping contig covering the full length of the PCR product. This method is cost effective and enables the complete sequencing of any large PCR product in a high-throughput format. Processing of amplified DNA requires 3 h handling time prior to the ligation step, and the clone library is available 2 d later. The complete sequence information is obtained approximately 5 d after the PCR step, depending on the sequencing procedure adopted.
DOI : 10.1038/nprot.2006.453
ISSN: 1750-2799
Cilt: 2
Sayı: 2
Sayfa: 340-346
Sınıflandırma :
21
Microcephaly Caused by Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Maia Delaine , Anne-Sophie Weingertner , Antoine Nougairede , Quentin Lepiller , Samira Fafi-Kremer , Romain Favre , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2017
Rémi N. Charrel
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 Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
We report congenital microencephaly caused by infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in the fetus of a 29-year-old pregnant women at 23 weeks’ gestation. The diagnosis was made by ultrasonography and negative results for other agents and confirmed by a positive PCR result for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus in an amniotic fluid sample.
DOI : 10.3201/eid2309.170775
Anahtar Kelimeler : lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, viruses, arenavirus, microcephaly, prenatal diagnosis
Cilt: 23
Sayı: 9
Sayfa: 1548 - 1550
Sınıflandırma :
22
Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Ornithodoros savignyi Ticks
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N. Charrel , Shamsudeen F. Fagbo , Gregory Moureau , Mohammad Hussain Alqahtani , Sarah Temmam , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2007
Rémi N. Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
 Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
Evidence for the tickborne nature of Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV) is indirect because AHFV has not been detected in arthropods. One Ornithodoros savignyi tick from Saudi Arabia contained AHFV RNA. This is the first direct evidence that AHFV is a tickborne flavivirus and confirms the association between human AHFV cases and tickbite history.
DOI : 10.3201/eid1301.061094
Anahtar Kelimeler : Biosafety level 4, Saudi Arabia, flavivirus, arthropodborne, arbovirus
Cilt: 13
Sayı: 1
Sayfa: 153 - 153
Sınıflandırma :
23
Evaluation of four PCR systems amplifying different genomic regions for molecular diagnosis of GB virus C infections
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Journal of Virological Methods
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Jean-François Cantaloube , Rémi N. Charrel , Houssam Attoui , Philippe Biagini , Philippe De Miccoa , Xavier De Lamballarie
Yıl :
1997
Rémi N. Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Diagnosis of GB virus C (GBV-C) infection is based on RT-PCR methodology that detects genomic viral RNA. Four sets of primers located in different genomic regions were compared. These primers were used to amplify a reference panel of sera used by the French blood banks, including five positive sera, five negative sera and 10-fold serial dilutions of one positive serum. Three sets of primers located in the 5'UTR, NS3 and NS5a genomic regions gave comparable results with undiluted sera. When diluted sera were tested, the most sensitive protocol was that using a set of primers and a probe selected within the 5'UTR, together with a colorimetric detection based on DNA enzyme immunoassay.
DOI : 10.1016/s0166-0934(96)02154-4
Anahtar Kelimeler : Hepatitis G virus, GB virus C, Flaviviridae, RT-PCR, 5u2032untranslated region, Non-structural region 3, Non-structural region 5A
ISSN: 0166-0934
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 64
Sayfa: 131-135
Sınıflandırma :
24
Sandfly-borne phleboviruses of Eurasia and Africa: Epidemiology, genetic diversity, geographic range, control measures
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Antiviral Research
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Cigdem Alkan , Laurence Bichaud , Xavier de Lamballerie , Bulent Alten , Ernest A. Gould , Rémi N. Charrel
Yıl :
2013
Rémi N. Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Sandfly-borne phleboviruses may cause a transient febrile illness (sandfly fever) or more severe neuroinvasive disease. In the Old World, they are vectored by phlebotomine flies, which are widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin, North Africa, the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East and central Asia. High seroprevalence rates have been recorded in humans and domestic animals in areas where sandflies are present. Most published studies have focused on phlebovirus infections of travelers and of soldiers stationed in endemic areas, but the health impact on local populations should not be underestimated, as seroprevalence studies indicate massive circulation of these viruses, even if disease is seldom documented. Except for Toscana virus, which shows a marked neurotropism and is a leading cause of aseptic meningitis in endemic regions, phlebovirus infections are inadequately considered by physicians and are generally underestimated. However, several properties of these viruses suggest that they will extend their geographic range. First, changes in the areas occupied by sandflies as a result of climate change have a direct impact on the epidemiology of associated human and animal diseases. Second, phleboviruses exhibit a high mutation rate, and their tri-segmented genome is prone to reassortment and recombination. Third, distinct virus strains can be transmitted by the same arthropod species. Recent studies have documented the distribution of sandfly-borne phleboviruses in Western Europe, but data for Eastern Europe, the Middle East and Africa are very limited. With the goal of filling knowledge gaps and planning new research programs, we have examined available information and present it as a comprehensive review, with a specific focus on understudied regions. We also discuss the need to conduct studies aimed at developing new antiviral drugs and vaccines.
DOI : 10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.07.005
Anahtar Kelimeler : Sandfly fever, Toscana virus, Arbovirus, Sandflies, Phlebovirus, Bunyavirus
ISSN: 0166-3542
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 100
Sayfa: 54-74
Sınıflandırma :
25
Phlebotomus sergenti in a cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in Azilal province (High Atlas, Morocco): molecular detection and genotyping of Leishmania tropica, and feeding behavior.
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Malika Ajaoud , Nargys Es-Sette , Rémi N Charrel , Abderahmane Laamrani-Idrissi , Haddou Nhammi , Myriam Riyad , Meryem Lemrani
Yıl :
2015
Rémi N Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
BACKGROUND:Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti is at least one of the confirmed vectors for the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica and distributed widely in Morocco. This form of leishmaniasis is considered largely as anthroponotic, although dogs were found infected with Leishmania tropica, suggestive of zoonosis in some rural areas. METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS:This survey aimed at (i) studying the presence of Leishmania in field caught Phlebotomus sergenti, (ii) investigating genetic diversity within Leishmania tropica and (iii) identifying the host-blood feeding preferences of Phlebotomus sergenti. A total of 4,407 sand flies were collected in three rural areas of Azilal province, using CDC miniature light traps. Samples collected were found to consist of 13 species: Phlebotomus spp. and 3 Sergentomyia spp. The most abundant species was Phlebotomus sergenti, accounting for 45.75 % of the total. 965 female Phlebotomus sergenti were screened for the presence of Leishmania by ITS1-PCR-RFLP, giving a positive rate of 5.7% (55/965), all being identified as Leishmania tropica. Nucleotide heterogeneity of PCR-amplified ITS1-5.8S rRNA gene-ITS2 was noted. Analyses of 31 sequences obtained segregated them into 16 haplotypes, of which 7 contain superimposed peaks at certain nucleotide positions, suggestive of heterozygosity. Phlebotomus sergenti collected were found to feed on a large variety of vertebrate hosts, as determined by Cytochrome b sequencing of the DNA from the blood meals of 64 engorged females. CONCLUSION:Our findings supported the notion that Phlebotomus sergenti is the primary vector of Leishmania tropica in this focus, and that the latter is genetically very heterogeneous. Furthermore, our results might be suggestive of a certain level of heterozygosity in Leishmania tropica population. This finding, as well as the feeding of the vectors on different animals are of interest for further investigation.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003687
Cilt: 9
Sayı: 3
Sayfa: e0003687
Sınıflandırma :
26
Epidemiologic Relationship between Toscana Virus Infection and Leishmania infantum Due to Common Exposure to Phlebotomus perniciosus Sandfly Vector
Araştırma Makalesi

Araştırma Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
PLOS - Public Library of Science
Dergi:
Public Library of Science
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N. Charrel , Xavier De Lamballerie , Renaud Piarroux , Raphaël P. Piarroux , Laurence Thirion , Laëtitia Ninove , Charles Mary , Marc Souris , Laurence Bichaud
Yıl :
2011
Rémi N. Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Sand flies are recognised vectors of parasites in the genus Leishmania and a number of arthropod-borne viruses, in particular viruses within the genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. In southern France, Toscana phlebovirus (TOSV) is recognized as a prominent cause of summer meningitis. Since Leishmania and TOSV have a common vector (Phlebotomus perniciosus), an epidemiologic link has been assumed for a long time. However, there is no scientific evidence of such a link between human leishmaniosis and phleboviral infections. To identify a possible link, we investigated the presence and distribution of antibodies against these two microorganisms (i) in individuals and (ii) at a spatial level in the city of Marseille (south-eastern France). Five hundred sera were selected randomly in the biobank of the Department of Parasitology of the Public Hospitals of Marseille. All sera were previously tested for IgG against Leishmania by Western Blotting, and TOSV IgG were detected by indirect immunofluorescence. The seropositivity rates were 21.4% for TOSV and 28% for Leishmania. Statistical analysis demonstrated that seropositivity for one pathogen was significantly associated with seropositivity to the other pathogen. This result provided the first robust evidence for the existence of an epidemiological relationship between Leishmania infantum and TOSV. Addresses of tested patients were geolocalized and integrated into Geographical Information System software, in order to test spatial relationship between the two pathogens. Spatial analysis did not allow to identify (i) specific patterns for the spatial distribution of positive serological results for TOSV or Leishmania, and (ii) a spatial relationship between Leishmania and TOSV positive serological results. This may reflect the fact that the sample studied was not powerful enough to demonstrate either a spatial clustering or co-location, i.e. that the actual risk exposure area is smaller than the mean of distance between patients in our study (245 m).
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001328
Anahtar Kelimeler : Leishmania, Sand flies, Serology, Leishmaniasis, Pathogens, France, Leishmania infantum, Parasitic diseases
Sınıflandırma :
27
Low Diversity of Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Saudi Arabia, 1994–1999
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Open Access
Kaynak :
Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
Dergi:
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N. Charrel , Ali Mohamed Zaki , Mazen Fakeeh , Amany Ibrahim Yousef , Reine de Chesse , Houssam Attoui , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2005
Rémi N. Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
 Piri Tam Metin Bulucu
Kaydet Alıntıla
Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (genus Flavivirus, AHFV) was recently identified as the agent of a viral hemorrhagic fever in Saudi Arabia and characterized serologically and genetically as a variant genotype of Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV). Since viral diagnosis and vaccine development may be hindered by genetic diversity, this study was intended to address AHFV genetic heterogeneity. Eleven strains isolated from hospitalized patients from 1994 to 1999 in Saudi Arabia were sequenced in the envelope, NS3, and NS5 genes. Homologous sequences were compared and used to look for patterns reflecting specific evolution associated with spatiality, temporality, infection pathway, and disease prognosis. Genetic analyses showed low diversity, which suggests a slow microevolution. Evaluation of divergence times showed that AHFV and KFDV ancestral lineage diverged 66–177 years ago, and the diversity observed within the studied AHFV strains reflected a 4- to 72-year period of evolution.
DOI : 10.3201/eid1105.041298
Anahtar Kelimeler : molecular epidemiology, flavivirus, viral hemorrhagic fever, Saudi Arabia
Cilt: 11
Sayı: 5
Sayfa: 683 - 688
Sınıflandırma :
Biyotıp %100
Viroloji %92
28
Phylogeny of New World arenaviruses based on the complete coding sequences of the small genomic segment identified an evolutionary lineage produced by intrasegmental recombination
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N Charrel , Heinz Feldmann , Charles F Fulhorst , Riad Khelifa , Reine de Chesse , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2002
Rémi N Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Previous studies suggested that the small genomic segments (S-RNA) of the South American arenaviruses (SA-AVs) represent three phylogenetic lineages (designated A, B, and C) and indicated that the S-RNA of Whitewater Arroyo virus (WWAV) (a North American arenavirus [NA-AV]) is a product of genetic recombination between a lineage A and lineage B virus. The purpose of this study was to extend our knowledge on the phylogenetic relationships between WWAV, the two other NA-AVs (Tamiami and bear canyon), and the 15 SA-AVs. Therefore, we determined the complete sequence of the S-RNA of nine arenaviruses previously uncharacterized or sequenced only partially. Phylogenetic analyses of the two complete coding regions indicated that the S-RNA of the three NA-AVs have descended from a single ancestral virus, which was the product of recombination between a lineage A and lineage B arenavirus. No such evidence for genetic recombination was found in cupixi virus (a novel arenavirus isolated from a wild rodent captured in Northeastern Brazil) or the 14 other SA-AVs. The recombinant nature of the S-RNA of NA-AVs distinguishes them from the SA-AVs, and thus, indicates that the NA-AVs represent a fourth phylogenetic lineage in the Tacaribe serocomplex.
DOI : 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02053-3
Anahtar Kelimeler : Arenavirus, Arenaviridae, Phylogeny, Evolution, Recombination, Category A agents, Emerging disease, Biosafety level 4, Viral hemorrhagic fever
ISSN: 0006-291X
Sayı: 5
Cilt: 296
Sayfa: 1118-1124
Sınıflandırma :
29
Influenza C virus high seroprevalence rates observed in 3 different population groups
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Journal of Infection
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Nicolas Salez , Julien Mélade , Hervé Pascalis , Sarah Aherfi , Koussay Dellagi , Rémi N. Charrel , Fabrice Carrat , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2014
Rémi N. Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Summary The epidemiology of Influenza C virus (FLUCV) infections remains poorly characterised. Here, we have examined the age- and location-specific seroprevalence of antibodies against FLUCV in 1441 sera from metropolitan continental France (Marseille), South-West Indian Ocean French territories (Reunion Island) and United-Kingdom (Edinburgh) using a combination of haemagglutination inhibition, virus neutralisation and ELISA assays. Our results show that immunity to FLUCV is common in all locations studied (global seroprevalence values >50%) and that the first immunising contacts generally occur early in life (i.e., in the 0–4 year-old age group). The latter item is further supported by the detection of FLUCV RNA by RT-PCR in naso-pharyngeal samples collected in patient attending the Emergency Room of the Public hospitals of Marseille, France with a large majority of children under 10 years-old: 17 (60.7%) in children ≤3 yo, 10 (35.7%) in the 4–10 yo age group and 1 (3.6%) in an adult (49yo). The temporal distribution of cases was atypical with regard to influenza (a large proportion of cases occurred in spring and summer) and the clinical presentation was diverse, including but being not limited to classical Influenza-like-Ilnesses. Altogether, our results indicate an intense circulation of FLUCV in the different study areas and an early occurrence of infection in human life. Flu C appears to be a widely under-diagnosed and under-studied human paediatric disease that obviously deserves further clinical and epidemiological characterisation.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jinf.2014.03.016
Anahtar Kelimeler : Influenza C, Epidemiology, Haemagglutination, ELISA, Virus Neutralisation Test, Real-time RT-PCR assay
ISSN: 0163-4453
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 69
Sayfa: 182-189
Sınıflandırma :
Biyotıp %100
Hematoloji %94
30
New insights into the evolutionary relationships between arenaviruses provided by comparative analysis of small and large segment sequences
Dergi Makalesi

Dergi Makalesi
Kaynak :
Science Direct
Dergi:
Virology
Yayıncı:
Elsevier
Yazar(lar) :
Rémi N Charrel , Jean-Jacques Lemasson , Michael Garbutt , Riad Khelifa , Philippe De Micco , Heinz Feldmann , Xavier de Lamballerie
Yıl :
2003
Rémi N Charrel
Yayıncı Web Sitesi
Tam Metin
Kaydet Alıntıla
Arenaviruses are rodent-borne negative-stranded bisegmented RNA viruses. Five arenaviruses are etiologic agents of hemorrhagic fever in humans and are potential agents of bioterrorism. They are classified as Biosafety level 4 agents and listed in the category A of the Pathogen Agents edited by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. To date, evolution and phylogeny of arenaviruses have been based on the analysis of sequences derived from structural genes (small RNA segment) exclusively, due to the lack of sequences available for the large RNA segment. In this study, partial sequences of the polymerase gene were determined for 18 species of arenaviruses and used to investigate phylogenetic relationships. Comparative analysis of topologies obtained from polymerase and structural gene analyses permitted us to determine the evolutionary origin of the major parent of the North American recombinant arenaviruses, and to investigate the role of genetic exchange (reassortment and recombination) in the evolutionary mechanisms driving the evolution of the genus Arenavirus.
DOI : 10.1016/j.virol.2003.08.016
ISSN: 0042-6822
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 317
Sayfa: 191-196
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