Piri Keşif Aracı

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

Voxel dosimetry is a common approach to the internal dosimetry of non-uniform activity distributions in nuclear medicine therapies with radiopharmaceuticals and in the estimation of the radiation hazard due to internal contamination of radionuclides. Aim of the present work is to extend our analytical approach for the calculation of voxel S factors to materials different from the soft tissue. We used a Monte Carlo simulation in GEANT4 of a voxelized region of each material in which the source of monoenergetic electrons or photons was uniformly distributed within the central voxel, and the energy deposition was scored over the surrounding 11×11×11 voxels. Voxel S factors were obtained for the following standard ICRP materials: Adipose tissue, Bone cortical, Brain, Lung, Muscle skeletal and Tissue soft with 1 g cm−3 density. Moreover, we considered the standard ICRU materials: Bone compact and Muscle striated. Voxel S factors were represented as a function of the “normalized radius”, defined as the ratio between the source–target voxel distance and the voxel side. We found that voxel S factors and related analytical fit functions are mainly affected by the tissue density, while the material composition gives only a slight contribution to the difference between data series, which is negligible for practical purposes. Our results can help in broadening the dosimetric three-dimensional approach based on voxel S factors to other tissues where diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides can be taken up and radiation can propagate.

DOI : 10.1016/j.nima.2013.08.059

ISSN: 0168-9002
Cilt: 729
Sayfa: 870-876

Sınıflandırma :

Fizik %58

Tıp ve Radyasyon Fiziği %99

2

Theoretical estimation of 64 Cu production with neutrons emitted during 18 F production with a 30 MeV medical cyclotron

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Lucrezia Auditore , Ernesto Amato , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2017

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

Purpose This work presents the theoretical estimation of a combined production of 18F and 64Cu isotopes for PET applications. 64Cu production is induced in a secondary target by neutrons emitted during a routine 18F production with a 30 MeV cyclotron: protons are used to produce 18F by means of the 18O(p,n)18F reaction on a [18O]-H2O target (primary target) and the emitted neutrons are used to produce 64Cu by means of the 64Zn(n,p)64Cu reaction on enriched zinc target (secondary target). Methods Monte Carlo simulations were carried out using Monte Carlo N Particle eXtended (MCNPX) code to evaluate flux and energy spectra of neutrons produced in the primary (Be+[18O]-H2O) target by protons and the attenuation of neutron flux in the secondary target. 64Cu yield was estimated using an analytical approach based on both TENDL-2015 data library and experimental data selected from EXFOR database. Results Theoretical evaluations indicate that about 3.8 MBq/μA of 64Cu can be obtained as a secondary, ‘side’ production with a 30 MeV cyclotron, for 2 h of irradiation of a proper designed zinc target. Irradiating for 2 h with a proton current of 120 μA, a yield of about 457 MBq is expected. Moreover, the most relevant contaminants result to be 63,65Zn, which can be chemically separated from 64Cu contrarily to what happens with proton irradiation of an enriched 64Ni target, which provides 64Cu mixed to other copper isotopes as contaminants. Conclusions The theoretical study discussed in this paper evaluates the potential of the combined production of 18F and 64Cu for medical purposes, irradiating a properly designed target with 30 MeV protons. Interesting yields of 64Cu are obtainable and the estimation of contaminants in the irradiated zinc target is discussed.

DOI : 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.02.002

Anahtar Kelimeler : Fluride-18, Copper-64, Positron emission tomography, Cyclotron, Neutrons

ISSN: 0969-8043
Cilt: 122
Sayfa: 229-234

Sınıflandırma :

Enerji %98

Yenilenebilir ve Yeşil Enerji %80

3

Abstract ID: 44 Evaluation of skin doses during manipulation of radioactive sources in nuclear medicine: A comparison between Varskin code and Geant4 simulations

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Physica Medica

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Antonio Italiano , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2017

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

The assessment of dose equivalents, Hp(0.07), to the skin of the hands during manipulation of radioactive sources for radiopharmaceutical preparations is a critical task in radiation protection. During these preparations, alpha-, beta- and gamma-emitting radionuclides in liquid solutions are contained in vials, syringes or other small receptacles, eventually inside plastic or metal shields, and hands are protected against contamination with gloves. Accidentally, some contamination of gloves or even of the naked skin can happen. Estimation of skin doses to fingertips can be carried out exploiting pre-calculated tables of dose rates in standardized geometries [1], or using softwares based on analytical calculations such as Varskin [2]. We compared systematically, for 20 radionuclides commonly emlpoyed in nuclear medicine, Hp(0.07) in mSv/MBq for point-like and extended sources, either in contact or in presence of different thicknesses of interposed material (glass, plastic), as resulted from severeal releases of Varskin (mod2, 4, 5.3) with the output of Monte Carlo simulations in Geant4. Results indicate that the most recent version of Varskin gives the best agreement with Monte Carlo simulation, having implemented a more accurate treatment of both photons and electrons. A good agreement was found for all nuclides for a point source in contact with skin. When a material is interposed, however, the disagreement between analytical and Monte Carlo results increases with material thickness for some nuclides, particularly for pure beta emitters and low-energy electron emitters. These results can be explained by the deterministic approach in which electron energy deposition is treated in the analytical code and its influence in proximity of electron range, and to the neglection of bremsstrahlung emission. Another source of discrepancy, for some nuclides, is the difference in radionuclide emission spectra. When the accuracy of estimation of skin doses is critical, as after an anomalous exposition event with high activities in extended sources or with a thin layer of interposed material, Monte Carlo simulation is the most accurate calculation approach.

DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.09.022

ISSN: 1120-1797
Cilt: 42
Sayfa: 8-9

Sınıflandırma :

Enerji %98

Enerji %68

4

An analytical model to calculate absorbed fractions for internal dosimetry with alpha, beta and gamma emitters

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

Dergi:

Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti : Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Antonio Italiano , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2014

Sergio Baldari

Piri Tam Metin Bulucu Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

We developed a general model for the calculation of absorbed fractions in ellipsoidal volumes of soft tissue uniformly filled with alpha, beta and gamma emitting radionuclides. The approach exploited Monte Carlo simulations with the Geant4 code to determine absorbed fractions in ellipsoids characterized by a wide range of dimensions and ellipticities, for monoenergetic emissions of each radiation type. The so-obtained absorbed fractions were put in an analytical relationship with the 'generalized radius', calculated as 3V/S, where V is the ellipsoid volume and S its surface. Radiation-specific parametric functions were obtained in order to calculate the absorbed fraction of a given radiation in a generic ellipsoidal volume. The dose from a generic radionuclide can be calculated through a process of summation and integration over the whole radionuclide emission spectrum, profitably implemented in an electronic spreadsheet. We compared the results of our analytical calculation approach with those obtained from the OLINDA/EXM computer software, finding a good agreement in a wide range of sphere radii, for the high-energy pure beta emitter 90Y, the commonly employed beta-gamma emitter 131I, and the pure alpha emitter 213Po. The generality of our approach makes it useful an easy to implement in clinical dosimetry calculations as well as in radiation safety estimations when doses from internal radionuclide uptake are to be taken into account.

DOI : 10.1478/AAPP.921A1

Cilt: 92
Sayı: 1
Sayfa: A1

Sınıflandırma :

Fizik %66

Radyasyonun Etkileri %61

Tıp ve Radyasyon Fiziği %33

Enerji %32

Enerji Toplanması %56

Enerji Verimliliği %26

5

Prognostic insights of molecular imaging in cardiac sarcoidosis

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Springer Link

Dergi:

Journal of Nuclear Cardiology

Yazar(lar) :

Riccardo Laudicella , Fabio Minutoli , Sergio Baldari

Konu :

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

Yıl :

2019

Sergio Baldari

Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

DOI : 10.1007/s12350-019-01701-3

ISSN: 1071-3581 1532-6551
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 28
Sayfa: 206-208

6

Performance characterization of the PET-CT tomograph at the PET-cyclotron-radiochemistry site of Messina University

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

Dergi:

Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti : Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Sergio Baldari , Francesco Tomasello

Yıl :

2015

Sergio Baldari

Piri Tam Metin Bulucu Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

A PET-cyclotron-radiochemistry plant was built at Messina University Hospital, whose diagnostics section was equipped with a PET-CT scanner composed by a time of flight PET and a 16-slice CT. The present note reports about the results of tomograph's acceptance tests, which had been planned and carried out in order to verify the correspondence of the specific scanner's performances declared by the firm and the fulfillment of Italian law's minimal criteria of acceptability. Acceptance tests gave positive results for all the physical parameters measured. The assessment of CT slice thickness, with regard to the thinner slices of 0.75 and 0.6 mm, required the employment of a manual procedure exploiting a phantom equipped with low inclination ramps. These results allowed us to assess a baseline of performance parameters to be taken as a reference for periodic constance tests.

DOI : 10.1478/AAPP.932A3

Cilt: 93
Sayı: 2
Sayfa: A3

Sınıflandırma :

Yer Bilimleri %70

Offshore Mühendisliği %23

7

A methodological approach to a realistic evaluation of skin absorbed doses during manipulation of radioactive sources by means of GAMOS Monte Carlo simulations

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Antonio Italiano , Ernesto Amato , Lucrezia Auditore , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2018

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

The accurate evaluation of the radiation burden associated with radiation absorbed doses to the skin of the extremities during the manipulation of radioactive sources is a critical issue in operational radiological protection, deserving the most accurate calculation approaches available. Monte Carlo simulation of the radiation transport and interaction is the gold standard for the calculation of dose distributions in complex geometries and in presence of extended spectra of multi-radiation sources. We propose the use of Monte Carlo simulations in GAMOS, in order to accurately estimate the dose to the extremities during manipulation of radioactive sources. We report the results of these simulations for 90Y, 131I, 18F and 111In nuclides in water solutions enclosed in glass or plastic receptacles, such as vials or syringes. Skin equivalent doses at 70μm of depth and dose–depth profiles are reported for different configurations, highlighting the importance of adopting a realistic geometrical configuration in order to get accurate dosimetric estimations. Due to the easiness of implementation of GAMOS simulations, case-specific geometries and nuclides can be adopted and results can be obtained in less than about ten minutes of computation time with a common workstation.

DOI : 10.1016/j.nima.2018.02.075

ISSN: 0168-9002
Cilt: 891
Sayfa: 1-5

Sınıflandırma :

Enerji %40

Enerji %65

Fizik %22

Tıp ve Radyasyon Fiziği %99

Tıp ve Halk Sağlığı %21

Nükleer Tıp %81

8

Use of the GEANT4 Monte Carlo to determine three-dimensional dose factors for radionuclide dosimetry

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Antonio Italiano , Fabio Minutoli , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2013

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

The voxel-level dosimetry is the most simple and common approach to internal dosimetry of nonuniform distributions of activity within the human body. Aim of this work was to obtain the dose “S” factors (mGy/MBqs) at the voxel level for eight beta and beta–gamma emitting radionuclides commonly used in nuclear medicine diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. We developed a Monte Carlo simulation in GEANT4 of a region of soft tissue as defined by the ICRP, divided into 11×11×11 cubic voxels, 3 mm in side. The simulation used the parameterizations of the electromagnetic interaction optimized for low energy (EEDL, EPDL). The decay of each radionuclide (32P, 90Y, 99mTc, 177Lu, 131I, 153Sm, 186Re, 188Re) were simulated homogeneously distributed within the central voxel (0,0,0), and the energy deposited in the surrounding voxels was mediated on the 8 octants of the three dimensional space, for reasons of symmetry. The results obtained were compared with those available in the literature. While the iodine deviations remain within 16%, for phosphorus, a pure beta emitter, the agreement is very good for self-dose (0,0,0) and good for the dose to first neighbors, while differences are observed ranging from −60% to +100% for voxels far distant from the source. The existence of significant differences in the percentage calculation of the voxel S factors, especially for pure beta emitters such as 32P or 90Y, has already been highlighted by other authors. These data can usefully extend the dosimetric approach based on the voxel to other radionuclides not covered in the available literature.

DOI : 10.1016/j.nima.2013.01.014

ISSN: 0168-9002
Cilt: 708
Sayfa: 15-18

Sınıflandırma :

Enerji %100

Enerji %98

9

Influence of voxel S factors on three-dimensional internal dosimetry calculations

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Physica Medica

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Salvatore Berenato , Ernesto Amato , Alexander Fischer , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2016

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

Internal dosimetry is a fundamental instrument for the personalization of nuclear medicine therapies, to maximize the therapeutic effect while minimizing the radiation burden to other organs. Three-dimensional (3D) dosimetry can quantify the impact of heterogeneous radiopharmaceutical distributions in organs, lesions and tissues. We analysed the influence of radionuclide voxel S factors in 3D dosimetry of 111In, 177Lu and 90Y, the most used radionuclides in Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT). Calculations were carried out for kidneys on a workstation equipped with a software for 3D dosimetry (Imalytics STRATOS, Philips AG), adopting a computational anthropomorphic phantom and, retrospectively, the SPECT-CT image series of a clinical case of PRRT. Two sets of voxel S factors were adopted: the pre-loaded Philips kernels, calculated by direct Monte Carlo simulation, and the ones calculated through a previously proposed analytical approach. Philips 111In kernel did not account for mono-energetic Auger or Conversion electrons. Results indicate a difference of about −32% in voxel S factors for 111In in 4.42 mm voxel size and around −35% in 4.80 mm voxel size, particularly self-dose values; this lead to significant shift in dose histograms and average doses. For 177Lu and 90Y, differences are about 2% and 12% for 4.42 mm voxels and about −8% and 9% for 4.80 mm voxels, respectively, attributable to the different calculation methods of the voxel S factors; this does not lead to significant discrepancies between the two dose histograms. Consequently, voxel S factors must account accurately for all radiations emitted by the nuclide.

DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.09.012

Anahtar Kelimeler : Internal dosimetry, voxel S factor, Radionuclide therapy

ISSN: 1120-1797
Sayı: 10
Cilt: 32
Sayfa: 1259-1262

Sınıflandırma :

Bilgisayar Bilimi %72

Bilgisayar İletişim Ağları %88

10

Radiation protection from external exposure to radionuclides: A Monte Carlo data handbook

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Physica Medica

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Antonio Italiano , Lucrezia Auditore , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2018

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

The availability of a resource collecting dose factors for the evaluation of the absorbed doses from external exposure during the manipulation of radioactive substances is fundamental for radiological protection purposes. Monte Carlo simulations are useful for the accurate calculation of dose distributions in complex geometries, particularly in presence of extended spectra of multi-radiation sources. We considered, as possible irradiation scenarios, a point source, a uniform planar source resembling a contaminated surface, several source volumes contained in plastic or glass receptacles, and the direct skin contamination case, implementing the corresponding Monte Carlo simulations in GAMOS (GEANT4-based Architecture for Medicine-Oriented Simulations). A set of 50 radionuclides was studied, focusing the attention on those ones mainly used in nuclear medicine, both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, in nuclear physics laboratories and for instrument calibration. Skin dose equivalents at 70 μm of depth and deep dose equivalents at 10 mm of depth are reported for different configurations and organized in easy-to-read tables.

DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.02.003

Anahtar Kelimeler : Radionuclide, Dose, External exposure, Monte Carlo, GEANT4

ISSN: 1120-1797
Cilt: 46
Sayfa: 160-167

Sınıflandırma :

İstatistik %95

Uygulamalı İstatistik %78

11

Muscle uptake of99mTechnetium pyrophosphate in patients with neuromuscular disorders

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Corrado Messina , Nunzio Bonanno , Sergio Baldari , Giuseppe Vita

Yıl :

1982

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

99mTechnetium pyrophosphate (99mTc PYP) muscular scanning was carried out in 28 patients affected by neuromuscular diseases. To express the muscle tracer retention quantitatively, the soft tissue to bone uptake ratio was calculated in the thigh and in the lower leg. Significantly increased ratio values were found in all the patients with polymyositis and in most patients with different types of muscular dystrophy, while high values were seen in a few subjects with myasthenia gravis and with neurogenic disorders. These findings are compared with those of previous studies, and the factors playing a role in determining some discrepant observations are discussed. The use of 99mTc muscular scanning in the investigation of patients with suspected inflammatory myopathy is suggested.

DOI : 10.1016/0022-510x(82)90075-2

ISSN: 0022-510X
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 53
Sayfa: 1-7

Sınıflandırma :

Biyotıp %54

Metabolik Hastalıklar %69

Tıp ve Halk Sağlığı %46

Rehabilitasyon %31

12

Post-operative radioiodine therapy (RaIT) as adjuvant therapy in low–intermediate risk differentiated thyroid cancer

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Springer Link

Dergi:

Clinical and Translational Imaging

Yazar(lar) :

Alfredo Campennì , Salvatore Antonio Pignata , Sergio Baldari

Konu :

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

Yıl :

2018

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

For many years, thyroid surgery and radioiodine therapy for thyroid remnant ablation (i.e. post-operative RaIT) have been the first-line therapeutic approaches in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). In the latest American Thyroid Association Guidelines (ATA), post-operative RaIT is not indicated in low-risk DTC, while no clear indication is postulated regarding low- to intermediate-risk patients, even if it is discouraged in most of them. The European Association of Nuclear Medicine did not endorse ATA guidelines since the role of nuclear medicine was marginalized in patients affected by low- or low- to intermediate-risk cancers. The present review evaluates the adjuvant role of post-operative RaIT in low and low- to intermediate-risk DTC patients. The terms radioiodine adjuvant therapy, radioiodine adjuvant treatment, thyroid remnant ablation, radioiodine thyroid remnant ablation, radioiodine therapy and radioiodine treatment were used to search MEDLINE for papers published from January 2008 to May 2018. Among 895 papers, we considered 8 in which patients underwent post-operative RaIT and the results of post-therapy whole body scans (pT-WBS) were reported. pT-WBS identified metastases in 282 out of 1622 patients (17.4%). All except 28 metastatic patients were affected by either low- or low- to intermediate-risk DTC. Metastases were confirmed by (targeted)-morphological and/or morphofunctional and/or morphometabolic studies in about 40% of patients. According to the presented data, slightly less than 20% of low- or low- to intermediate-risk DTC patients showed metastases at pT-WBS. Thus, in our opinion post-operative RaIT should be considered as an adjuvant therapy also in low and low- to intermediate-risk DTC patients.

DOI : 10.1007/s40336-018-0298-3

Anahtar Kelimeler : Post-operative radioiodine therapy, Radioiodine adjuvant treatment, Differentiated thyroid cancer, Post-therapy whole body scintigraphy, Low- to intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer

ISSN: 2281-5872 2281-7565
Sayı: 5
Cilt: 6
Sayfa: 347-355

13

Theranosticsin nuclear medicine and oncology

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

Dergi:

Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti - Classe di Scienze Medico-Biologiche

Yazar(lar) :

Sergio Baldari , Benedetta Pagano , Salvatore Antonio Pignata

Yıl :

2019

Sergio Baldari

Piri Tam Metin Bulucu Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

Nowadays, the incidence of tumors is constantly growing, affecting older patients who are frequently exhibiting comorbidities. The occurrence of side effects may represent a problem for treatment compliance of patients. In order to manage this challenge, improving patient selection, reducing adverse events and enhancing therapeutic efficacy are mandatory.The field of Nuclear Medicine provides an opportunity to perform a personalized treatment by means of the theranostic approach.The revolutionary theranostic concept consists of administrating in different dosage the same molecule (labeled with different radioisotope), for diagnostic (using the beta+ or gamma-ray emission) and therapeutic (using alpha and beta- emission) procedures.Theranostic application are employed in several fields, for instance in differentiated thyroid cancer, neuroendocrine cancer and bone metastases treatment. In the future, aneffective management of oncological patients will require new efforts for the development of novel molecular targets for theranostic use.

DOI : 10.6092/1828-6550/APMB.107.1.2019.SD2

Anahtar Kelimeler : theranostics, theranostic approach, pet-ct

ISSN: 1828-6550
Cilt: 107
Sayı: 1

Sınıflandırma :

Tıp ve Halk Sağlığı %97

Nükleer Tıp %100

14

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy plus somatostatin analogues for a neuroendocrine tumour combined and maintenance treatment

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Springer Link

Dergi:

Clinical and Translational Imaging

Yazar(lar) :

Salvatore Antonio Pignata , Andrea Ferrantelli , Sergio Baldari

Konu :

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

Yıl :

2019

Sergio Baldari

Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

DOI : 10.1007/s40336-019-00342-3

ISSN: 2281-5872 2281-7565
Sayı: 5
Cilt: 7
Sayfa: 373-376

15

A Monte Carlo approach to small-scale dosimetry of solid tumour microvasculature for nuclear medicine therapies with 223Ra-, 131I-, 177Lu- and 111In-labelled radiopharmaceuticals

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Physica Medica

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Salvatore Leotta , Antonio Italiano , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2015

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

The small-scale dosimetry of radionuclides in solid-tumours is directly related to the intra-tumoral distribution of the administered radiopharmaceutical, which is affected by its egress from the vasculature and dispersion within the tumour. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the combined dosimetric effects of radiopharmaceutical distribution and range of the emitted radiation in a model of tumour microvasculature. We developed a computational model of solid-tumour microenvironment around a blood capillary vessel, and we simulated the transport of radiation emitted by 223Ra, 111In, 131I and 177Lu using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo. For each nuclide, several models of radiopharmaceutical dispersion throughout the capillary vessel were considered. Radial dose profiles around the capillary vessel, the Initial Radioactivity (IR) necessary to deposit 100 Gy of dose at the edge of the viable tumour-cell region, the Endothelial Cell Mean Dose (ECMD) and the Tumour Edge Mean Dose (TEMD), i.e. the mean dose imparted at the 250-μm layer of tissue, were computed. The results for beta and Auger emitters demonstrate that the photon dose is about three to four orders of magnitude lower than that deposited by electrons. For 223Ra, the beta emissions of its progeny deliver a dose about three orders of magnitude lower than that delivered by the alpha emissions. Such results may help to characterize the dose inhomogeneities in solid tumour therapies with radiopharmaceuticals, taking into account the interplay between drug distribution from vasculature and range of ionizing radiations.

DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.04.015

Anahtar Kelimeler : Small-scale dosimetry, Monte Carlo, Nuclear medicine, Angiogenesis, Microvasculature

ISSN: 1120-1797
Sayı: 5
Cilt: 31
Sayfa: 536-541

Sınıflandırma :

Tıp ve Halk Sağlığı %96

Nükleer Tıp %100

16

Can peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) be useful in radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer?

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Springer Link

Dergi:

Endocrine

Yazar(lar) :

Alfredo Campennì , Salvatore A. Pignata , Sergio Baldari

Konu :

Endocrinology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Yıl :

2014

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

We report on a 70-year-old man affected by radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in whom metastases were treated by peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Seven years before, patient had undergone total thyroidectomy. Pathological examination was conclusive for DTC. The patient underwent some radioiodine treatments (RaIT). The last post-therapy whole body scan (pT-WBS) performed five days after RaIT did not show abnormal radioiodine uptake but serum thyroglobulin (Tg) value was high in absence of thyroglobulin-antibodies (Tg-Ab). In-111 DTPA-pentetreotide scintigraphy showed several lung lesions with high somatostatin receptor density. Patient underwent PRRT using Lu-177 DOTATOC. pT-WBS scan confirmed the metastases already demonstrated by In-111 DTPA pentetreotide but radioiodine negative.

DOI : 10.1007/s12020-014-0491-8

Anahtar Kelimeler : Non-radioiodine-avid differentiated thyroid cancer, Peptide radionuclide receptor therapy, Radioiodine-131, Lutetium-177

ISSN: 1355-008X 1559-0100
Sayı: 2
Cilt: 50
Sayfa: 516-518

17

Effectiveness of skeletal scintigraphy in transthyretin-related amyloidosis

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

International Journal of Cardiology

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Fabio Minutoli , Gianluca Di Bella , Alessandro Sindoni , Giuseppe Vita , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2013

Sergio Baldari

Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

DOI : 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.07.130

Anahtar Kelimeler : 99mTc-DPD scintigraphy, Senile systemic amyloidosis, Transthyretin-related familial amyloid polyneuropathy

ISSN: 0167-5273
Sayı: 5
Cilt: 168
Sayfa: 4988-4989

Sınıflandırma :

Nükleer Tıp %97

18

Production of 68Ge, 64Cu, 86Y, 89Zr, 73Se, 77Br and 124I positron emitting radionuclides through future laser-accelerated proton beams at ELI-Beamlines for innovative PET diagnostics

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

Dergi:

Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti : Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali

Yazar(lar) :

Antonio Italiano , Ernesto Amato , Fabio Minutoli , Daniele Margarone , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2016

Sergio Baldari

Piri Tam Metin Bulucu Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

The development of innovative production pathways for high-Z positron emitters is of great interest to enlarge the applicability of PET diagnostics, especially in view of the continuous development of new radiopharmaceuticals. We evaluated the theoretical yields of 64Cu, 86Y, 89Zr, 73Se, 77Br and 124I PET isotopes, plus the 68Ge isotope, parent of the 68Ga positron emitter, in the hypothesis of production through laser-accelerated proton sources expected at the ELI-Beamlines facility. By means of the TALYS software we simulated the nuclear reactions leading to the above radionuclides, hypothesizing three possible scenarios of broad proton spectra, with maximum energies of about 9, 40 and 100 MeV. The production yields of the studied radionuclides, within the expected fluences, appear to be suitable for pre-clinical applications.

DOI : 10.1478/AAPP.942A2

Cilt: 94
Sayı: 2
Sayfa: A2

Sınıflandırma :

Enerji %84

Yenilenebilir ve Yeşil Enerji %50

19

Evaluation of the production capabilities of 18F, 11C, 13N and 15O PET isotopes at the PET-cyclotron-radiochemistry site of Messina University

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

Dergi:

Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti : Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali

Yazar(lar) :

Lucrezia Auditore , Ernesto Amato , Antonio Italiano , Benedetta Pagano , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2017

Sergio Baldari

Piri Tam Metin Bulucu Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

The production of 18F, 11C, 13N, and 15O positron emitting radionuclides for PET imaging is usually accomplished in Nuclear Medicine Departments through direct nuclear reactions induced by protons accelerated by compact medical cyclotrons on liquid or gaseous targets. Messina University has funded the construction of a PET-cyclotron-radio-chemistry plant at the Messina University Hospital, equipped with a 11 MeV self-shielded cyclotron. We estimated the expected production yields of these nuclides, accounting for target thickness, production of other radioactive nuclides, and time effects on the irradiated target purity. To this aim, both TALYS code (v. 1.8) and an analytical approach based on EXFOR experimental data were used. The general agreement between the two approaches, and with the available literature data, allows to assess the expected yields at the End of Bombardment, and relative target purities, to be used for further radiopharmaceutical preparation steps.

DOI : 10.1478/AAPP.951A1

Cilt: 95
Sayı: 1
Sayfa: A1

Sınıflandırma :

Enerji %97

Yenilenebilir ve Yeşil Enerji %61

20

What is New on Thyroid Cancer Biomarkers

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak 1:

Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)

Dergi:

Biomarker Insights

Yazar(lar) :

Maria Trovato , Francesco Trimarchi , Sergio Baldari , Rosaria M. Ruggeri , Alfredo Campennì

Yıl :

2008

Sergio Baldari

Yayıncı Web Siteleri

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

Thyroid cancer harbours in about 5% of thyroid nodules. The majority of them are well-differentiated cancers originating from the follicular epithelium, and are subdivided into papillary and follicular carcinomas. Undifferentiated carcinomas and medullary thyroid carcinomas arising from C cells are less common. Although most thyroid nodules are benign, distinguishing thyroid cancer from benign lesions is crucial for an appropriate treatment and follow-up. The ﬁ ne needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) allows the diagnosis of nature of thyroid nodules in the majority of cases. However, FNAC has some limitations, particularly in the presence of follicular lesions which can appear dubious in rare instances even at histology. In an effort to improve diagnostic accuracy and offer new prognostic criteria, several immunohistochemical and molecular markers have been proposed. However, most of them have to be validated on large series before being used in routine practice.

Kaynak 1:

http://la-press.com/article.php?article_id=762 arayıcılığı görüntüle.
Kaynak 2:

https://doi.org/10.4137/BMI.S669 arayıcılığı görüntüle.

Anahtar Kelimeler : thyroid cancer, biomarkers, molecular signals, tumorigenesis pathways

ISSN: 1177-2719
Cilt: 3
Sayfa: 237 - 252

Sınıflandırma :

Onkoloji %42

Nükleer Tıp %37

21

Combined use of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy and metronomic chemotherapy in neuroendocrine tumors: a possible choice driven by nuclear medicine molecular imaging

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Springer Link

Dergi:

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Yazar(lar) :

Fabio Minutoli , Riccardo Laudicella , Irene A. Burger , Sergio Baldari

Konu :

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine, Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging, General Medicine

Yıl :

2021

Sergio Baldari

Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

DOI : 10.1007/s00259-021-05330-2

ISSN: 1619-7070 1619-7089
Sayı: 10
Cilt: 48
Sayfa: 3041-3042

Sınıflandırma :

Tıp ve Halk Sağlığı %85

Nükleer Tıp %100

22

Usefulness of 123I-spect/ct to assess the response to initial therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer patients

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Springer Link

Dergi:

Endocrine

Yazar(lar) :

Alfredo Campennì , Alexis Vrachimis , Massimiliano Siracusa , Sergio Baldari , Luca Giovanella

Konu :

Endocrinology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Yıl :

2021

Sergio Baldari

Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

DOI : 10.1007/s12020-021-02737-7

ISSN: 1355-008X 1559-0100
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 74
Sayfa: 193-196

23

18F-FDG PET/MR Refines Evaluation in Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Urethral Adenocarcinoma

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Springer Link

Dergi:

Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Yazar(lar) :

Riccardo Laudicella , Guido Davidzon , Shreyas Vasanawala , Sergio Baldari , Andrei Iagaru

Konu :

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

Yıl :

2019

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

We described the clinical impact of 18F-FDG PET/MR in refining the evaluation of a 39-year-old female with newly diagnosed metastatic urethral adenocarcinoma. We detailed the diagnostic imaging workup focusing our attention on the CT, MR, and 18F-FDG PET/MR different findings. In this case, 18F-FDG PET/MR imaging evaluation resulted not only effective but also altered staging and spared additional invasive procedures in the assessment of a metastatic urethral adenocarcinoma. Combining a highly sensitive PET with the increase tissue resolution of MR (PET/MR) may improve abdominal and pelvic lesion detection outperforming PET/CT for this indication.

DOI : 10.1007/s13139-019-00597-8

Anahtar Kelimeler : Urethral adenocarcinoma, 18F-FDG, PET/MR, PET/CT, MR, CT

ISSN: 1869-3474 1869-3482
Sayı: 4
Cilt: 53
Sayfa: 296-299

24

An analytical method for computing voxel S values for electrons and photons

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Wiley Online Library

Dergi:

Medical Physics

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Fabio Minutoli , Massimiliano Pacilio , Alfredo Campennì , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2012

Sergio Baldari

Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

DOI : 10.1118/1.4757912

ISSN: 0094-2405
Sayı: 11
Cilt: 39
Sayfa: 6808-6817

Sınıflandırma :

Fizik %66

Tıp ve Radyasyon Fiziği %100

Bilgisayar Bilimi %27

Hesaplamanın Matematiği %97

25

Imaging gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPRs) in prostate cancer

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Springer Link

Dergi:

Clinical and Translational Imaging

Yazar(lar) :

Lucia Baratto , Riccardo Laudicella , Maria Picchio , Sergio Baldari , Andrei Iagaru

Konu :

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging

Yıl :

2018

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

Despite significant advances in detection and treatment, prostate cancer (PC) remains the most common malignancy and a major cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Imaging is critically important for the diagnosis, staging, and management of men with prostate cancer (PC). The conventional imaging modalities have been employed for local and metastatic staging with limited performance. Whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) using prostate membrane antigen-based tracers is the most widely used in research and clinical applications in this scenario. However, other ways to image PC are available. Here, we review the clinical literatures on the use of gastrin-releasing peptide receptors (GRPRs) as targets for imaging patients with PC.

DOI : 10.1007/s40336-018-00308-x

Anahtar Kelimeler : Bombesin, Prostate cancer, PET, BBN, GRPR, PET/MR

ISSN: 2281-5872 2281-7565
Sayı: 1
Cilt: 7
Sayfa: 39-44

Sınıflandırma :

Tıp ve Halk Sağlığı %91

Nükleer Tıp %99

26

Usefulness of four dimensional (4D) PET/CT imaging in the evaluation of thoracic lesions and in radiotherapy planning: Review of the literature

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Lung Cancer

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Alessandro Sindoni , Fabio Minutoli , Antonio Pontoriero , Giuseppe Iatì , Sergio Baldari , Stefano Pergolizzi

Yıl :

2016

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

In the past decade, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) has become a routinely used methodology for the assessment of solid tumors, which can detect functional abnormalities even before they become morphologically evident on conventional imaging. PET imaging has been reported to be useful in characterizing solitary pulmonary nodules, guiding biopsy, improving lung cancer staging, guiding therapy, monitoring treatment response and predicting outcome. This review focuses on the most relevant and recent literature findings, highlighting the current role of PET/CT and the evaluation of 4D-PET/CT modality for radiation therapy planning applications. Current evidence suggests that gross tumor volume delineation based on 4D-PET/CT information may be the best approach currently available for its delineation in thoracic cancers (lung and non-lung lesions). In our opinion, its use in this clinical setting is strongly encouraged, as it may improve patient treatment outcome in the setting of radiation therapy for cancers of the thoracic region, not only involving lung, but also lymph nodes and esophageal tissue. Literature results warrants further investigation in future prospective studies, especially in the setting of dose escalation.

DOI : 10.1016/j.lungcan.2016.03.019

Anahtar Kelimeler : Four dimensional PET/CT, Lung cancer, Radiation therapy

ISSN: 0169-5002
Cilt: 96
Sayfa: 78-86

Sınıflandırma :

Nükleer Tıp %100

27

Treatment of hyperthyroidism with radioiodine targeted activity: A comparison between two dosimetric methods

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Physica Medica

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Alfredo Campennì , Salvatore Leotta , Rosaria M. Ruggeri , Sergio Baldari

Yıl :

2016

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

Radioiodine therapy is an effective and safe treatment of hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease, toxic adenoma, toxic multinodular goiter. We compared the outcomes of a traditional calculation method based on an analytical fit of the uptake curve and subsequent dose calculation with the MIRD approach, and an alternative computation approach based on a formulation implemented in a public-access website, searching for the best timing of radioiodine uptake measurements in pre-therapeutic dosimetry. We report about sixty-nine hyperthyroid patients that were treated after performing a pre-therapeutic dosimetry calculated by fitting a six-point uptake curve (3–168 h). In order to evaluate the results of the radioiodine treatment, patients were followed up to sixty-four months after treatment (mean 47.4 ± 16.9). Patient dosimetry was then retrospectively recalculated with the two above-mentioned methods. Several time schedules for uptake measurements were considered, with different timings and total number of points. Early time schedules, sampling uptake up to 48 h, do not allow to set-up an accurate treatment plan, while schedules including the measurement at one week give significantly better results. The analytical fit procedure applied to the three-point time schedule 3(6)–24–168 h gave results significantly more accurate than the website approach exploiting either the same schedule, or the single measurement at 168 h. Consequently, the best strategy among the ones considered is to sample the uptake at 3(6)–24–168 h, and carry out an analytical fit of the curve, while extra measurements at 48 and 72 h lead only marginal improvements in the accuracy of therapeutic activity determination.

DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmp.2016.05.059

Anahtar Kelimeler : Hyperthyroidism, Radioiodine therapy, Internal dosimetry, Biokinetics

ISSN: 1120-1797
Sayı: 6
Cilt: 32
Sayfa: 847-853

Sınıflandırma :

Fizik %49

Tıp ve Radyasyon Fiziği %100

Tıp ve Halk Sağlığı %46

Nükleer Tıp %93

28

Study of the production yields of 18F, 11C, 13N and 15O positron emitters from plasma-laser proton sources at ELI-Beamlines for labeling of PET radiopharmaceuticals

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Antonio Italiano , Daniele Margarone , Benedetta Pagano , Sergio Baldari , Georg Korn

Yıl :

2016

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

The development of novel compact PET radionuclide production systems is of great interest to promote the diffusion of PET diagnostics, especially in view of the continuous development of microfluidics labeling approaches. We studied the feasibility to produce clinically-relevant amounts of PET isotopes by means of laser-accelerated proton sources such that expected at the ELI-Beamlines facility. 18F, 11C, 13N and 15O production yields were calculated through the TALYS software, by taking into account the broad proton spectra expected. With the hypothesized proton fluencies, clinically-relevant amounts of radionuclides can be obtained, suitable to prepare single doses of 18F-, 11C- and 13N-labeled radiopharmaceuticals exploiting fast and efficient microfluidic labeling systems.

DOI : 10.1016/j.nima.2015.12.011

ISSN: 0168-9002
Cilt: 811
Sayfa: 1-5

Sınıflandırma :

Enerji %69

Doğal Kaynak ve Enerji Ekonomisi %45

Yenilenebilir ve Yeşil Enerji %24

Enerji %23

Fizik %21

Tıp ve Radyasyon Fiziği %98

29

A Monte Carlo model for the internal dosimetry of choroid plexuses in nuclear medicine procedures

Dergi Makalesi

Kaynak :

Science Direct

Dergi:

Physica Medica

Yayıncı:

Elsevier

Yazar(lar) :

Ernesto Amato , Francesco Cicone , Lucrezia Auditore , Sergio Baldari , John O. Prior , Silvano Gnesin

Yıl :

2018

Sergio Baldari

Özet Ek Bilgiler

Kaydet

Choroid plexuses are vascular structures located in the brain ventricles, showing specific uptake of some diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals currently under clinical investigation, such as integrin-binding arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptides. No specific geometry for choroid plexuses has been implemented in commercially available software for internal dosimetry. The aims of the present study were to assess the dependence of absorbed dose to the choroid plexuses on the organ geometry implemented in Monte Carlo simulations, and to propose an analytical model for the internal dosimetry of these structures for 18F, 64Cu, 67Cu, 68Ga, 90Y, 131I and 177Lu nuclides. A GAMOS Monte Carlo simulation based on direct organ segmentation was taken as the gold standard to validate a second simulation based on a simplified geometrical model of the choroid plexuses. Both simulations were compared with the OLINDA/EXM sphere model. The gold standard and the simplified geometrical model gave similar dosimetry results (dose difference < 3.5%), indicating that the latter can be considered as a satisfactory approximation of the real geometry. In contrast, the sphere model systematically overestimated the absorbed dose compared to both Monte Carlo models (range: 4–50% dose difference), depending on the isotope energy and organ mass. Therefore, the simplified geometric model was adopted to introduce an analytical approach for choroid plexuses dosimetry in the mass range 2–16 g. The proposed model enables the estimation of the choroid plexuses dose by a simple bi-parametric function, once the organ mass and the residence time of the radiopharmaceutical under investigation are provided.

DOI : 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.05.005

Anahtar Kelimeler : Choroid plexuses, Monte Carlo, Internal dosimetry, RGD peptides

ISSN: 1120-1797
Cilt: 49
Sayfa: 52-57

Sınıflandırma :